The frequent inefficiency of conventional cancer therapies due to drug resistance, non-targeted drug delivery, chemotherapy-associated toxic side effects turned the focus to bioactive phytochemicals. In this context, curcumin and resveratrol have emerged as potent chemopreventive and chemoprotective compounds modulating apoptotic and autophagic cell death pathways in cancer in vitro and in vivo. As synergistic agents in combination with clinically established anticancer drugs, the enhanced anticancer activity at reduced chemotherapy-associated toxicity towards normal organs can be explained by improved pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, bioavailability and metabolism. With promising preclinical and clinical applications, the design of drug-loaded nanoparticles, nanocarriers, liposomes and micelles have gained much attention to improve target specificity and drug efficacy. The present review focuses on the molecular modes of chemoprevention, chemoprotection and drug synergism with special emphasis to preclinical and clinical applications, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and advanced drug delivery methods for the development of next-generation personalized cancer therapeutics.

由于耐药性、非靶向药物递送、化疗相关的毒副作用，常规癌症疗法经常效率低下，因此焦点转向了具有生物活性的植物化学物质。在这种情况下，姜黄素和白藜芦醇已成为有效的化学预防和化学保护化合物，可在体外和体内调节癌症中的凋亡和自噬细胞死亡途径。作为与临床确立的抗癌药物联合使用的增效剂，可通过改善药代动力学、药效学、生物利用度和代谢来解释降低化疗相关对正常器官的毒性而增强的抗癌活性。具有前景的临床前和临床应用，载药纳米颗粒、纳米载体的设计，脂质体和胶束在提高靶向特异性和药物疗效方面受到了广泛关注。本综述侧重于化学预防、化学保护和药物协同作用的分子模式，特别强调临床前和临床应用、药代动力学、药效学和用于开发下一代个性化癌症治疗的先进药物递送方法。