The SARS-CoV-2 virus has emerged as a striking 21st century pandemic. Communities across the globe have experienced significant infection rates and widespread psychosocial stress and trauma, leading to calls for increased allocation of resources for mental health screening and treatment. In addition to the burden of psychosocial stress, there is increasing evidence of direct viral neuroinvasion of the central nervous system through physical contact with the nasal mucosa. In a parallel fashion, there is a significant body of ongoing research related to the risk of in utero viral transmission and the resulting neurodevelopmental impact in the fetus. Aberrant neurodevelopment secondary to viral transmission has previously been related to the later development of psychosis, schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders, generating the hypothesis that this population of individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 may see an increased incidence in future decades. We discuss the current understanding of the possible neurotropism and vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and relate this to the history of viral pandemics to better understand the relationship of viral infection, aberrant immune response and neurodevelopment, and the risk for schizophrenia disorder.

中文翻译：

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后代的产前病毒感染暴露和神经精神疾病：针对 COVID-19 大流行的文献综述和建议


SARS-CoV-2 病毒已成为 21 世纪引人注目的流行病。全球各地的社区都经历了显着的感染率以及广泛的社会心理压力和创伤，导致人们呼吁增加心理健康筛查和治疗的资源分配。除了社会心理压力的负担之外，越来越多的证据表明病毒通过与鼻粘膜的身体接触直接侵入中枢神经系统。与此同时，还有大量正在进行的研究涉及子宫内病毒传播的风险及其对胎儿神经发育的影响。病毒传播继发的神经发育异常与后来的精神病、精神分裂症和精神分裂症谱系障碍的发展有关，因此产生了这样的假设：暴露于 SARS-CoV-2 的人群的发病率在未来几十年可能会增加。我们讨论了目前对 SARS-CoV-2 可能的神经性和垂直传播的理解，并将其与病毒大流行的历史联系起来，以更好地了解病毒感染、异常免疫反应和神经发育的关系，以及精神分裂症的风险。