Ecotoxicological impact of graphene oxide: toxic effects on the model organism Artemia franciscana,Environmental Science: Nano

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Ecotoxicological impact of graphene oxide: toxic effects on the model organism Artemia franciscana
Environmental Science: Nano ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-21 , DOI: 10.1039/d0en00747a
Federica Cavion _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Laura Fusco _{2,

3,

4,

5} , Silvio Sosa _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Chiara Manfrin _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Beatriz Alonso _{6,

7,

8} , Amaia Zurutuza _{6,

7,

8} , Roberto Della Loggia _{2,

3,

4,

5} , Aurelia Tubaro _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Maurizio Prato _{2,

3,

4,

5,

9} , Marco Pelin _{1,

2,

3,

4}

Affiliation

Given the numerous potential applications of graphene oxide (GO) and its consequent release into the environment, this study was carried out to assess the toxic effects of GO on Artemia franciscana, a well-established model organism for marine ecotoxicological studies. A. franciscana stage I nauplii or adults were exposed to GO (1–100 μg mL⁻¹) up to 72 h, which induced a significant mortality only in adults exposed to the highest concentration for 72 h. The susceptibility of adults to GO was further investigated evaluating other biomarkers of toxicity: already 24 h exposure to 100 μg mL⁻¹ GO induced significant activation of the xenobiotic detoxifying and antioxidant enzyme glutathione S-transferase, whereas other toxicological parameters, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cholinesterase activity and growth rate, were not affected even after 72 h exposure. Furthermore, the uptake of GO was studied in relation to food supplement: GO accumulation in the digestive tract was lower in the presence of food, with respect to non-fed organisms. In conclusion, this study highlights the weak toxic effects of GO on A. franciscana adults, lower than those induced by other carbon-based materials. However, this suggests a possible ecotoxicological impact of GO that needs to be further studied.

中文翻译：

氧化石墨烯的生态毒理学影响：对模型生物Franciscana的毒性作用

考虑到氧化石墨烯（GO）的众多潜在应用及其随后释放到环境中的能力，本研究旨在评估GO对海洋生物毒理学研究的一个公认的典型生物体Artemia franciscana的毒性作用。Franciscana I期无节幼虫或成年人暴露于GO（1–100μgmL ^-1）长达72小时，这仅在暴露于最高浓度的成年人中持续72 h才引起显着的死亡率。进一步研究了成年人对GO的易感性，以评估其他毒性的其他生物标志物：已经暴露于100μgmL ^-1 GO中24小时已经诱导了异源解毒和抗氧化酶谷胱甘肽S的显着活化。-转移酶，而其他毒理学参数，例如活性氧（ROS）产生，胆碱酯酶活性和生长速率，即使在暴露72 h后也没有受到影响。此外，还研究了与食物补充剂相关的GO摄取：相对于非喂养生物，有食物时GO在消化道中的蓄积量较低。总而言之，这项研究强调了GO对A. franciscana成虫的弱毒性作用，低于其他碳基材料所诱导的毒性作用。但是，这表明GO可能产生的生态毒理学影响，需要进一步研究。

更新日期：2020-11-03

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