Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of smart things. It indicates the ability that the mentioned physical things transfer information with each other. The characteristics of these networks, such as topology dynamicity and energy constraint, make the routing problem a challenging task in these networks. Traditional routing methods could not achieve the required performance in these networks. Therefore, developers of these networks have to consider specific routing methods in order to satisfy their requirements. One of the routing methods is utilization of the multipath protocols in which data are sent to its destination using multiple routes with separate links. One of such protocols is AOMDV routing protocol. In this paper, AOMDV is improved using gray system theory which chooses the best paths used for separate routes to send packets. To do this, Ad hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (AOMDV) packet format is altered and some fields are added to it so that energy criteria, link expiration time, and signal-to-noise ratio can also be considered during selection of the best route. The proposed method named RMPGST-IoT is introduced which chooses the routes with highest rank for concurrent transmission of data, using a specific method based on the gray system theory. In order to evaluate the results, the proposed Routing Multipath based on Gray System Theory (RMPGST)-IoT method is compared to the Emergency Response IoT based on Global Information Decision (ERGID) and Ad hoc Delay-aware Distributed Routing Model (ADRM)-IoT approaches in terms of throughput, packet receiving rate, packet loss rate, average remaining energy, and network lifetime. The results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed RMPGST-IoT is superior to that of ERGID and ADRM-IoT approaches.

中文翻译：

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基于灰色理论的一种新的物联网节能多径路由

物联网 (IoT) 是智能事物的网络。它表示所提到的物理事物相互传递信息的能力。这些网络的特性，如拓扑动态性和能量约束，使得路由问题在这些网络中成为一项具有挑战性的任务。传统的路由方法无法在这些网络中实现所需的性能。因此，这些网络的开发人员必须考虑特定的路由方法以满足他们的要求。其中一种路由方法是利用多路径协议，其中使用具有单独链路的多条路由将数据发送到其目的地。这种协议之一是 AOMDV 路由协议。在本文中，AOMDV 使用灰色系统理论进行了改进，该理论选择用于单独路由的最佳路径来发送数据包。为此，Ad hoc 按需多路径距离矢量 (AOMDV) 数据包格式被更改，并添加了一些字段，以便在选择最佳路线。提出了一种名为 RMPGST-IoT 的方法，该方法使用基于灰色系统理论的特定方法，选择最高秩的路由进行数据并发传输。为了评估结果，将提出的基于灰色系统理论（RMPGST）-IoT 方法的路由多路径与基于全局信息决策（ERGID）和 Ad hoc 延迟感知分布式路由模型（ADRM）的紧急响应物联网进行比较-物联网在吞吐量、数据包接收率、数据包丢失率、平均剩余能量和网络寿命方面的方法。