We present an efficient two-dimensional atomic localization in a tripod-type four-level atomic medium using standing-wave fields. The localization behavior is significantly improved, and the maximum localization probability can be achieved under suitable conditions within the one-wavelength domain. Multiple sharp localized peaks are observed in the one-wavelength domain through examination of the absorption of the weak probe field, and theoretically, high-resolution and high-precision atomic localization can be achieved within a region smaller than λ /12 × λ /12, via the exploitation of quantum-coherence effects in laser–matter interactions. The spatial resolution of the atomic localization is extensively improved, compared to the cases with or without microwave fields studied previously. We believe that the results revealed here might have potential applications for atomic nanolithography, neutral-atom laser cooling and trapping, Bose–Einstein condensation and the c...

中文翻译：

---

三脚架型四能级原子介质中通过驻波场进行的高分辨率二维原子显微镜

我们提出了一种使用驻波场的三脚架型四能级原子介质中的有效二维原子定位。定位行为得到显着改善，并且在一个波长域内的合适条件下可以实现最大定位概率。通过检查弱探针场的吸收，在一个波长域中观察到多个尖锐的局部峰，并且在理论上，可以在小于λ/ 12×λ/ 12的区域内实现高分辨率和高精度的原子定位。通过利用激光-物质相互作用中的量子相干效应。与先前研究或不研究微波场的情况相比，原子定位的空间分辨率得到了极大提高。