There has been an increasing demand for the development of sensor devices with improved characteristics such as sensitivity, low cost, faster response, reliability, rapider recovery, reduced size, in situ analysis, and simple operation. Nanostructured materials have shown great potential in improving these properties for chemical and biological sensors. There are different nanostructured materials which have been used in manufacturing nanosensors which include nanoscale wires (capability of high detection sensitivity), carbon nanotubes (very high surface area and high electron conductivity), thin films, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, polymer, and biomaterials. This review provides different methods which have been used in the synthesis and fabrication of these nanostructured materials followed by an extensive review of the recent developments of metal, metal oxides, carbon nanotubes, and polymer nanostructured materials in sensor applications.

中文翻译：

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传感器应用纳米结构材料的设计与合成

越来越需要开发具有改进的特性的传感器设备，例如灵敏度，低成本，更快的响应，可靠性，更快的回收率，减小的尺寸，原位分析和简单的操作。纳米结构材料在改善化学和生物传感器的这些特性方面显示出巨大潜力。有多种用于制造纳米传感器的纳米结构材料，包括纳米级导线（具有高检测灵敏度的能力），碳纳米管（非常高的表面积和高电子传导性），薄膜，金属和金属氧化物纳米颗粒，聚合物和生物材料。