Rapid increase in aging populations is an urgent problem because older adults are more likely to suffer from disabilities and age-related diseases (ARDs), burdening healthcare systems and society in general. ARDs are characterized by the progressive deterioration of tissues and organs over time, eventually leading to tissue and organ failure. To date, there are no effective interventions to prevent the progression of ARDs. Hence, there is an urgent need for new treatment strategies. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent cell death, is linked to normal development and homeostasis. Accumulating evidence, however, has highlighted crucial roles for ferroptosis in ARDs, including neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we a) summarize initiation, regulatory mechanisms, and molecular signaling pathways involved in ferroptosis, b) discuss the direct and indirect involvement of the activation and/or inhibition of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of some important diseases, and c) highlight therapeutic targets relevant for ARDs.

中文翻译：

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对铁死亡的新见解：对年龄相关疾病的影响

人口老龄化的快速增长是一个紧迫的问题，因为老年人更有可能患有残疾和与年龄相关的疾病（ARD），给医疗保健系统和整个社会带来负担。ARD 的特点是组织和器官随着时间的推移逐渐恶化，最终导致组织和器官衰竭。迄今为止，尚无有效的干预措施来预防 ARD 的进展。因此，迫切需要新的治疗策略。铁死亡是一种铁依赖性细胞死亡，与正常发育和体内平衡有关。然而，越来越多的证据强调了铁死亡在急性呼吸道疾病（包括神经退行性疾病和心血管疾病）中的关键作用。在这篇综述中，我们a）总结了铁死亡所涉及的启动、调节机制和分子信号通路，b）讨论了铁死亡的激活和/或抑制在一些重要疾病发病机制中的直接和间接参与，c）强调与 ARD 相关的治疗目标。