The aging process is characterized by a progressive decline in the function of most tissues, representing the main risk factor in the development of a variety of human diseases. Studies in multiple animal models have demonstrated that interventions that improve the capacity to maintain endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteostasis prolong life and healthspan. ER stress is monitored by the unfolded protein response (UPR), a signaling pathway that mediates adaptive processes to restore proteostasis or the elimination of damaged cells by apoptosis. Here, we discuss recent advances in understanding the significance of the UPR to aging and its implications for the maintenance of cell physiology of various cell types and organs. The possible benefits of targeting the UPR to extend healthspan and reduce the risk of developing age‐related diseases are also discussed.

中文翻译：

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通过内质网蛋白质稳态网络掌握机体衰老

衰老过程的特点是大多数组织的功能逐渐下降，这是发展多种人类疾病的主要风险因素。对多种动物模型的研究表明，提高维持内质网 (ER) 蛋白质稳态能力的干预措施可延长寿命和健康寿命。内质网应激由未折叠蛋白反应 (UPR) 监测，UPR 是一种信号通路，可介导适应性过程以恢复蛋白质稳态或通过细胞凋亡消除受损细胞。在这里，我们讨论了在理解 UPR 对衰老的重要性及其对维持各种细胞类型和器官的细胞生理学的影响方面的最新进展。