Phase Diagrams of Periodically Driven Spin–Orbit Coupled 87Rb and 23Na Bose–Einstein Condensates,Annalen Der Physik

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Phase Diagrams of Periodically Driven Spin–Orbit Coupled 87Rb and 23Na Bose–Einstein Condensates
Annalen Der Physik ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 , DOI: 10.1002/andp.202000194
Zhi Lin _{1,

2}

Affiliation

The phase boundaries of periodically driven spin–orbit coupled BECs with effective two‐body interactions are analytically calculated by using variational method. The phase diagrams of periodically driven

^{87} Rb

and

^{23} Na

systems present distinguished features from undriven systems, respectively. For the

^{87} Rb

BECs, the critical density

n_{c}

(density at quantum tricritical point) will be dramatically reduced in some parameter regions, and the prospect of observing this intriguing quantum tricritical point is greatly enlarged. Moreover, a series of quantum tricritical points emerge quasi‐periodically when increasing the Raman coupling strength with fixed

^{87} Rb

density. In the

^{23} Na

BECs, two hyperfine states of

^{23} Na

atoms can be miscible within the suitable regions of driving parameter space. As a result,

^{23} Na

systems will stay in the stripe phase with small Raman frequency at typical density, which expands the region of stripe phase in the phase diagram. In addition, an absence of quantum tricritical point in such