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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of soybean in integrated crop livestock systems with intercropping in the pasture phase
Rhizosphere ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 , DOI: 10.1016/j.rhisph.2020.100270
Gabriela Castro Pires , Maria Eloá de Lima , Carin Sgobi Zanchi , Caio Moretti de Freitas , Juliana Mendes Andrade de Souza , Tatiane Andrea de Camargo , Leandro Pereira Pacheco , Flávio Jesus Wruck , Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro , Karl Kemmelmeier , Anibal de Moraes , Edicarlos Damacena de Souza

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are important microorganisms that act as sensitive soil quality indicators. The increase in plant diversity in Integrated Crop Livestock Systems under no-tillage (ICLS-NT) can also alter the diversity of species of fungi and bring benefits to the system. This study had the objective of evaluating the AMF diversity and its quantitative characteristics in ICLS-NT with intercrop in the pasture phase. The experiment was conducted in a dystrophic red latosol, with plots represented by the grasses Panicum maximun cv. BRS Tamani and Urochloa brizantha cv. Piatã, intercrop with the legumes (subplots): cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) cv. BRS Tumucumaque, pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) cv. BRS Mandarim and single grass type only. The potential for inoculation was elevated in areas with legume intercrop, with either grass, and about 29% higher in areas with the C. cajan/P. maximun consortium. They may be associated with the benefits that the intercrop with legumes brings, through the relationship of rhizobia and AMF. The spore density and mycorrhizal colonization were higher with the use of grass from the genus Urochloa in relation to Panicum, reaching 92% and 88% higher, respectively, as well as an increase in species richness, being associated with a greater affinity of AMF with intercropped grasses. The insertion of the legumes into the intercrop with the grasses affected soybean productivity, positively correlating (74%) with mycorrhizal colonization. These results are related to the fact that intercrop promote the release of a high diversity of organic compounds, helping in the activity of soil microbiota, including AMF, increasing colonization and species diversity of these fungi. Thus, intercrops of grasses with legumes affected positively the activity and diversity of species of the AMF, reflecting in the increase in productivity of the soybean crop.



中文翻译:

牧草间作的综合作物畜牧系统中大豆根际的丛枝菌根真菌

丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)是重要的微生物,可作为敏感的土壤质量指标。免耕(ICLS-NT)下综合作物畜牧系统中植物多样性的增加也可以改变真菌种类的多样性并为该系统带来好处。本研究的目的是评估牧草间作的带间作的ICLS-NT中AMF的多样性及其定量特征。该实验是在营养不良的红豆腐中进行的,其地块由草Panicum maximun cv代表。BRS TamaniUrochloa brizantha简历。Piatã,与豆类(子图)间作:cow豆(Vigna unguiculata)简历。BRS Tumucumaque,木豆(Cajanus cajan) 简历。仅BRS Mandarim和单草类型。豆科作物间或种草的地区,接种的可能性都增加了,C.cajan / P.maximun联盟的地区,接种的可能性提高了29%。通过与根瘤菌和AMF的关系,它们可能与豆类间作带来的好处有关。孢子密度,菌根均高于同用草从属尾稃草属有关,分别达到92%和88%,以及物种丰富度的提高,这与AMF与间作草的亲和力更高有关。将豆类与草插入到间作中会影响大豆生产力,与菌根定植呈正相关(74%)。这些结果与以下事实有关:间作可促进多种有机化合物的释放,从而有助于包括AMF在内的土壤微生物群的活动,从而增加这些真菌的定殖和物种多样性。因此,豆类草间作对AMF物种的活性和多样性产生了积极影响,反映出大豆作物的生产力提高。

更新日期:2020-11-12
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