High power and energy density electrochemical energy storage devices are more important to reduce the dependency of fossil fuels and also required for the intermittent storage of renewable energy. Among various energy storage devices, carbon serves as a predominant choice of electrode material owing to abundance, electrical conductivity, and control over the intrinsic properties. In this context, biomass, an abundant, inexpensive, and renewable source to produce biochars has gained significant research attention not only to mitigate the environmental concern, but also to promote the development of sustainable energy storage applications. In this review, recent progresses towards the conversion and efficient utilization of biomass and its derived biochar as electrode materials for energy storage devices, including supercapacitors and batteries (Li-ion, Na-ion, Li–S, and Metal-air) is summarized and discussed. The various sources of biomass, processes to derive biochar from the biomass, and the effects of various parameters involved in the synthesis methods to tailor its morphology, surface area, pore structure, and composition of the biochars along with the structure-activity relationship and technology-to-market is elaborated, which will lead to remarkable exploration of biomass towards realizing sustainable energy storage devices.

高功率和能量密度的电化学储能装置对于减少对化石燃料的依赖性更为重要，并且对于间歇性存储可再生能源也很重要。在各种储能装置中，由于其丰度，导电性和对固有特性的控制，碳是电极材料的主要选择。在这种情况下，生物质是一种生产生物炭的丰富，廉价，可再生的资源，不仅减轻了对环境的关注，而且促进了可持续储能应用的发展，也引起了广泛的研究关注。在这篇评论中，生物质及其衍生的生物炭作为储能设备电极材料的转化和有效利用的最新进展，包括超级电容器和电池（锂离子，钠离子，锂离子电池和金属空气）的概述和讨论。生物质的各种来源，从生物质中提取生物炭的过程以及合成方法中涉及的各种参数的影响，以调整其形态，表面积，孔结构和生物炭的组成以及结构-活性关系和技术详细说明了将产品推向市场的方法，这将导致对生物质的非凡探索，以实现可持续的能源存储设备。