This review overviews the main developments achieved in analytical sample preparation regarding the use of solid sorbents as extractants in different sorbent-based miniaturized, micro-scale and microextraction methods. Two main groups are proposed for the classification of the current approaches, based on their operational mode: micro-solid-phase extraction (µ-SPE) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME), while describing their respective main sub-modes: static- and dispersive-µ-SPE, and SPME with fibers and in tube SPME. Furthermore, other important sorbent-based microscale approaches (e.g., stir bar sorptive extraction, stir cake sorptive extraction, stir bar sorptive-dispersive microextraction, and thin film microextraction, among others) are also considered.

这篇综述概述了在分析性样品制备中取得的主要进展，这些进展涉及在基于吸附剂的小型化，微型化和微萃取方法中使用固体吸附剂作为萃取剂。根据它们的操作模式，提出了两种主要的分类方法：微固相萃取（µ-SPE）和固相微萃取（SPME），同时描述了它们各自的主要子模式：静态以及分散型µ-SPE和带有纤维的SPME以及管内SPME。此外，还考虑了其​​他重要的基于吸附剂的微型方法（例如，搅拌棒吸附萃取，搅拌饼吸附萃取，搅拌棒吸附分散微萃取和薄膜微萃取等）。