Context: As a rapidly adopted architectural style in software engineering, Microservices Architecture (MSA) advocates implementing small-scale and independently distributed services, rather than binding all functions into one monolith. Although many initiatives have contributed to the quality improvement of microservices-based systems, there is still a lack of a systematic understanding of the Quality Attributes (QAs) associated with MSA.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the evidence-based state-of-the-art of QAs of microservices-based systems.

Method: We carried out a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to identify and synthesize the relevant studies that report evidence related to QAs of MSA.

Results: Based on the data extracted from the 72 selected primary studies, we portray an overview of the six identified QAs most concerned in MSA, scalability, performance, availability, monitorability, security, and testability. We identify 19 tactics that architecturally address the critical QAs in MSA, including two tactics for scalability, four for performance, four for availability, four for monitorability, three for security, and two for testability.

Conclusion: This SLR concludes that for MSA-based systems: 1) Although scalability is the commonly acknowledged benefit of MSA, it is still an indispensable concern among the identified QAs, especially when trading-off with other QAs, e.g., performance. Apart from the six identified QAs in this study, other QAs for MSA like maintainability need more attention for effective improvement and evaluation in the future. 3) Practitioners need to carefully make the decision of migrating to MSA based on the return on investment, since this architectural style additionally cause some pains in practice.

背景信息：微服务架构（MSA）是一种在软件工程中迅速采用的架构风格，主张实现小规模且独立分布的服务，而不是将所有功能绑定到一个整体中。尽管许多计划为基于微服务的系统的质量改进做出了贡献，但是仍然缺乏对与MSA相关的质量属性（QA）的系统理解。

目的：本研究旨在研究基于证据的基于微服务的系统的质量保证的最新技术。

方法：我们进行了系统文献综述（SLR），以识别和综合报告MSA QA相关证据的相关研究。

结果：基于从72项选定的基础研究中提取的数据，我们描绘了六个已确定的QA概述，这些QA是MSA，可伸缩性，性能，可用性，可监视性，安全性和可测试性中最关注的。我们确定了19种在架构上解决MSA中关键QA的策略，包括两种可伸缩性策略，四种用于性能，四种用于可用性，四种用于可监视性，三种用于安全性以及两种用于可测试性。

结论：对于基于MSA的系统，此SLR得出以下结论：1）尽管可扩展性是MSA公认的优势，但在已确定的QA中，它仍然是不可或缺的问题，尤其是在与其他QA进行权衡时，例如性能。除了本研究中确定的六个质量保证外，其他MSA质量保证（如可维护性）在未来需要进行有效改进和评估时也需要引起更多关注。3）从业者需要根据投资回报率谨慎地决定是否迁移到MSA，因为这种架构风格还会在实践中带来一些麻烦。