The structurization of coatings produced by electrospark deposition (ESD) from the commercial selffluxing FeNiCrBSiC alloy and FeNiCrBSiC-based composites, such as FTB20 (FeNiCrBSiC–20 wt.% TiB2) and FCB20 (FeNiCrBSiC–20 wt.% CrB2), on a steel 45 substrate was studied. The electrospark FeNiCrBSiC coating about 70 μm thick has a globular surface and the FTB20 and FCB20 coatings form a continuous layer up to 50 μm thick over the entire samples. The microhardness does not change across the deposited coating thickness and is 10–14 GPa. The chemical compositions of the ESD coatings and the electrodes are the same, which indicates that the electrode material does not mix with the steel substrate. The structure of the FeNiCrBSiC, FTB20, and FCB20 electrodes and coatings differs significantly because chromium boride and/or titanium boride inclusions refine from 20–25 μm to 1 μm in the ESD process. The heterophase structure of the ESD coatings represents a nickel–iron-base matrix reinforced with fine boride and carboboride particles. The effect of speeds and loads on the wear rate of ESD coatings in dry friction conditions was examined. Electrospark coatings produced from the WC–6% Co hardmetal were tested as wear resistance reference. The wear rate of the FeNiCrBSiC, FTB20, and FCB20 coatings decreases and that of the WC–6% Co coating increases when the speed rises from 4 to 12 m/sec. The wear rate of the ESD coatings becomes one order of magnitude higher when the load increases from 0.1 to 0.4 MPa. Analysis of the friction surfaces showed that wear of the FeNiCrBSiC coating was caused by failure of the globules and that of the FCB20 coating by brittle fracture of the deposited layer. The ESD FTB20 coating has two to three times higher wear resistance than the FeNiCrBSiС coating because of the oxidative wear mechanism whereby protective oxide films develop on the friction surfaces and act as a solid lubricant.

中文翻译：

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FeNiCrBSiC-MeB2 电火花涂层的结构和耐磨性

通过电火花沉积 (ESD) 从商用自熔 FeNiCrBSiC 合金和 FeNiCrBSiC 基复合材料（例如 FTB20（FeNiCrBSiC–20 wt.% TiB2）和 FCB20（FeNiCrBSiC–20 wt.% CrB2）在钢上生产的涂层的结构化45 底物进行了研究。约 70 μm 厚的电火花 FeNiCrBSiC 涂层具有球状表面，FTB20 和 FCB20 涂层在整个样品上形成高达 50 μm 厚的连续层。显微硬度在整个沉积涂层厚度上没有变化，为 10-14 GPa。ESD涂层和电极的化学成分相同，这表明电极材料没有与钢基体混合。FeNiCrBSiC，FTB20的结构，和 FCB20 电极和涂层显着不同，因为在 ESD 工艺中硼化铬和/或硼化钛夹杂物从 20-25 μm 细化到 1 μm。ESD 涂层的异相结构代表了用细硼化物和碳硼化物颗粒增强的镍铁基基体。研究了速度和载荷对干摩擦条件下 ESD 涂层磨损率的影响。由 WC–6% Co 硬质合金制成的电火花涂层作为耐磨性参考进行了测试。当速度从 4 升至 12 m/sec 时，FeNiCrBSiC、FTB20 和 FCB20 涂层的磨损率降低，而 WC–6% Co 涂层的磨损率增加。当负载从 0.1 增加到 0.4 MPa 时，ESD 涂层的磨损率提高一个数量级。摩擦表面的分析表明，FeNiCrBSiC 涂层的磨损是由球体的失效引起的，而 FCB20 涂层的磨损是由沉积层的脆性断裂引起的。ESD FTB20 涂层具有比 FeNiCrBSiС 涂层高两到三倍的耐磨性，这是因为氧化磨损机制在摩擦表面形成保护性氧化膜并充当固体润滑剂。