Since the nineteenth century, rural areas have experienced progressive abandonment mostly due to socioeconomic changes, with direct and indirect effects on forest disturbance regimes occurring in these human-dominated landscapes. The role of land abandonment in modifying disturbance regimes has been highlighted for some types of disturbances, albeit being still somewhat overlooked compared to climate change. This literature review is aimed at highlighting the most relevant effects of land abandonment and land-use legacy on the regime of different types of forest disturbances, providing insight into land-use change/disturbances interactions. We searched in the Scopus and Web of Science databases for relevant studies at the global scale dealing with eight major natural disturbances: avalanche, flooding, herbivory, insect outbreak, landslide, rockfall, wildfire and windthrow. We classified papers into five relevance classes, with the highest score (4) assigned to studies quantitatively measuring the interactions between abandonment dynamics and disturbance regimes. Most papers focused on wildfires in Mediterranean Europe in the twentieth century, where landscape homogenisation and fuel build-up contributed to worsening their frequency, size and severity. Dense forests developed following land abandonment instead exert inhibiting effects toward mass movements such as avalanches, rockfalls and landslides. Regarding the other investigated disturbances, we found only a few studies presenting site-specific and partly contrasting effects. Land abandonment triggers ecological processes at the landscape scale, altering land cover patterns and vegetation communities, which in turn affect disturbance regimes. Implications for land and resource management mostly depend on the stage at which post-abandonment secondary succession has developed.

中文翻译：

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土地遗弃对森林干扰制度的影响：全球审查

自 19 世纪以来，主要是由于社会经济变化，农村地区经历了逐渐的废弃，在这些人类主导的景观中对森林干扰制度产生了直接和间接的影响。对于某些类型的干扰，土地弃置在改变干扰机制方面的作用已经得到强调，尽管与气候变化相比仍然有些被忽视。这篇文献综述旨在强调土地废弃和土地利用遗产对不同类型森林干扰机制的最相关影响，提供对土地利用变化/干扰相互作用的深入了解。我们在 Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库中搜索了全球范围内处理八种主要自然干扰的相关研究：雪崩、洪水、食草、昆虫爆发、山体滑坡、落石、野火和风投。我们将论文分为五个相关类别，最高分 (4) 分配给定量测量废弃动态和干扰机制之间相互作用的研究。大多数论文都关注 20 世纪地中海欧洲的野火，那里的景观同质化和燃料堆积导致其频率、规模和严重程度恶化。土地废弃后形成的茂密森林反而对雪崩、落石和山体滑坡等大规模运动产生抑制作用。关于其他调查的干扰，我们发现只有少数研究呈现特定地点和部分对比的影响。土地废弃引发景观尺度的生态过程，改变土地覆盖模式和植被群落，这反过来又会影响扰动制度。对土地和资源管理的影响主要取决于废弃后二次演替的发展阶段。