The demand for quality food is expected to increase with the rising population across the globe. Fruits are a major source of nutraceuticals, yet nutrient depletion in soils is altering fruit cultivation. Conventional fertilizers have raised food production after the green revolution, yet intensive agriculture has induced soil degradation and food contamination by pesticides. Conventional fertilizers are poorly efficient, and only about 20% or less of the applied fertilizer is used by the crop plant, the rest being mineralized or leached to groundwater and rivers, causing issues of cost, eutrophication and human health. Alternatively, nanofertilizers appear promising because nanoparticles display unique properties due to their physicochemical characteristics at the nanoscale. Here, we review applications of nanoparticles in fruit crops. Benefits include fruit productivity, quality and shelf life through their positive effects on anatomical, morphological, physiological, physicochemical and molecular traits. We also discuss the role of nanofertilizers in gene expression, regulation and translocation for mitigating abiotic stresses.

随着全球人口的增加，对优质食品的需求预计将增加。水果是营养食品的主要来源，但是土壤中营养的消耗正在改变水果的种植。在绿色革命之后，常规肥料提高了粮食产量，但集约化农业却导致了土壤退化和农药对食物的污染。常规肥料的效率很差，只有约20％或更少的施肥肥料被农作物使用，其余肥料被矿化或淋滤到地下水和河流中，造成成本，富营养化和人类健康问题。或者，由于纳米粒子由于其在纳米尺度上的物理化学特性而显示出独特的性质，因此其显示出广阔的前景。在这里，我们回顾了纳米颗粒在果农中的应用。通过对果实的解剖，形态，生理，理化和分子性状产生积极影响，其收益包括果实的生产力，品质和保质期。我们还讨论了纳米肥料在缓解非生物胁迫的基因表达，调控和易位中的作用。