Migration and release of sediment pollutants has become one of the important causes of water pollution, but the contribution of different forms of nitrogen in different water layers to the water quality of the overlying water is unclear. In this study, the main stream of Liaohe River with heavy nitrogen pollution was taken as an example. The static simulation method and related analysis techniques were used to explore the release characteristics of different forms of inorganic nitrogen and its effect on TN and Chla in overlying water from the different water layers. The results showed that the release rates of TN, NH₄⁺-N and NO₃⁻-N from upstream, midstream and downstream sections were different, but the release characteristics of them in different water layers were the same basically. Generally, the inorganic nitrogen in the pore water of the sediment was released to the water body rapidly in the early 0–8 days. The contribution rate of NH₄⁺-N and NO₃⁻-N to the change of TN_o was 76.85% for the upstream section, and the contribution rate of NO₃⁻-N to the change of TN_o was 65.02% for the midstream section. NH₄⁺-N and NO₃⁻-N in the different water layers from downstream did not showed a significant correlation with TN of overlying water. NO₃⁻-N in sediments was the main contributor of TN and Chla changes in the overlying water and its content can reflect the nitrogen pollution trend of the water body to a certain extent. When the water retention time was 4–16 days, the TLI in the water body was relatively high. After effective control of exogenous pollution, the release of endogenous nutrients in Liaohe River should be paid more attention.

沉积物污染物的迁移和释放已成为水体污染的重要原因之一，但不同水层中不同形态的氮对上覆水体水质的贡献尚不清楚。本研究以氮污染较重的辽河干流为例。采用静态模拟方法和相关分析技术，探讨了不同水层中不同形态无机氮的释放特征及其对上覆水中TN和Chla的影响。结果表明，TN、NH ₄ ⁺ -N 和 NO ₃ ^-上游、中游和下游断面的-N不同，但在不同水层中的释放特征基本相同。一般沉积物孔隙水中的无机氮在 0～8 d 初期迅速释放到水体中。上游段NH ₄ ⁺ -N 和NO ₃ ^- -N 对TN _o变化的贡献率为76.85%，NO ₃ ^- -N 对TN _o变化的贡献率为65.02%。中游部分。NH ₄ ⁺ -N 和 NO ₃ ^-下游不同水层中的 -N 与上覆水的 TN 没有显着相关性。沉积物中NO ₃ ^- -N是上覆水中TN和Chla变化的主要贡献者，其含量在一定程度上反映了水体的氮污染趋势。保水时间为4～16天时，水体中的TLI较高。在外源性污染得到有效控制后，辽河内源性养分的释放应得到更多关注。