Pests and diseases present major obstacles to poplar growth, which have been overcome via transgenic engineering applications. However, given the long growth cycle of transgenic poplars, long-term environmental safety assessments are needed for transgenic poplars planted in the field. Therefore, we investigated the effects of exogenous genes in transgenic poplar on the diversity of endophytic and rhizosphere soil bacterial communities in poplars. The composition and diversity of bacterial communities in trunk tissue, root tissue, and rhizosphere soil samples of transgenic Populus × euramericana cv. ‘74/76’ containing the high-resistance gene HPb1 (hereafter, HPb1) and non-transgenic Populus × euramericana cv. ‘74/76’ (hereafter, 107) in a 4-year-old experimental forest were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. In terms of bacterial abundance at the phylum level, in trunk tissue, Bacteroidetes was the dominant phylum in both poplar lines (HPb1: 32.17%; 107: 47.42%). In root tissue, Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in both lines (HPb1: 67.52%; 107: 65.96%). In rhizosphere soil, Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in both lines (HPb1: 39.75%; 107: 37.98%). There were no significant differences in the richness and diversity of bacterial communities between HPb1 and 107. Finally, the bacterial community compositions in root tissue and rhizosphere soil were highly similar, both of which differed somewhat from that in trunk samples. This study provides a reference for ecological safety assessments of transgenic poplars and allows for a more systematic understanding of the potential ecosystem risk posed by environmental release of transgenic poplars.

害虫和疾病是杨树生长的主要障碍，已经通过转基因工程应用克服了这些障碍。但是，鉴于转基因杨树的生长周期较长，因此需要对田间种植的转基因杨树进行长期环境安全评估。因此，我们调查了转基因杨树中外源基因对杨树内生和根际土壤细菌群落多样性的影响。转基因杨（Populus  ×  euramericana cv）树干，根组织和根际土壤样品中细菌群落的组成和多样性。包含高抗性基因HPb1（以下称为HPb1）和非转基因胡杨 × 欧美的'74 / 76'简历。使用高通量测序分析了4年历史的实验林中的“ 74/76”（以下称107）。就门框水平的细菌丰度而言，在树干组织中，拟杆菌是两个杨系中的主要门框（HPb1：32.17％； 107：47.42％）。在根组织中，Proteobacteria是这两个系的显性门（HPb1：67.52％； 107：65.96％）。在根际土壤中，Proteobacteria是这两个系中的主要门（HPb1：39.75％； 107：37.98％）。在HPb1和107之间，细菌群落的丰富度和多样性没有显着差异。最后，根部组织和根际土壤中的细菌群落组成高度相似，两者与树干样品中的有所不同。