Denisovan DNA in Late Pleistocene sediments from Baishiya Karst Cave on the Tibetan Plateau,Science

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Denisovan DNA in Late Pleistocene sediments from Baishiya Karst Cave on the Tibetan Plateau
Science ( IF 44.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-29 , DOI: 10.1126/science.abb6320
Dongju Zhang _{1,

2,

3} , Huan Xia ₁ , Fahu Chen _{1,

2} , Bo Li _{4,

5} , Viviane Slon ₆ , Ting Cheng ₁ , Ruowei Yang _{7,

8} , Zenobia Jacobs _{4,

5} , Qingyan Dai ₇ , Diyendo Massilani ₆ , Xuke Shen ₁ , Jian Wang _{1,

9} , Xiaotian Feng ₇ , Peng Cao ₇ , Melinda A. Yang ₁₀ , Juanting Yao ₁ , Jishuai Yang ₁ , David B. Madsen _{1,

11} , Yuanyuan Han ₁ , Wanjing Ping ₆ , Feng Liu ₆ , Charles Perreault _{12,

13} , Xiaoshan Chen ₁ , Matthias Meyer ₆ , Janet Kelso ₆ , Svante Pääbo ₆ , Qiaomei Fu _{7,

8}

Affiliation

Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology (LAE), CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences and Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China.
Frontier Center for Eco-environment and Climate Change in Pan-third Pole Regions, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Centre for Archaeological Science, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.
Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia.
Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig 04103, Germany.
Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, CAS, Beijing 100044, China.
Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China.
School of Earth Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Department of Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, USA.
Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada–Reno, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.
Institute of Human Origins, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.

A timeline of cave dwellers in sediment Two archaic lineages overlapped with modern humans outside of Africa: the well-studied Neanderthals and their more mysterious cousins, the Denisovans. Denisovan remains are rare, being limited to Denisovan Cave in Siberia and a putative, undated jaw from Tibet. However, there is evidence for multiple introgressions from Denisovans into modern-day humans, especially in Australasian populations. By examining the sediment of Baishiya Karst Cave located on a high plateau in Tibet, Zhang et al. identified ancient mitochondrial DNA from Denisovans indicating their presence at about 100 thousand, 60 thousand, and possibly 45 thousand years ago. This finding provides insight into the timing and distribution of Denisovans in Asia and extends the time of occupation of the Tibetan plateau by hominins. Science, this issue p. 584 A Tibetan cave provides evidence of Denisovan occupation 100,000, 60,000, and 45,000 years ago. A late Middle Pleistocene mandible from Baishiya Karst Cave (BKC) on the Tibetan Plateau has been inferred to be from a Denisovan, an Asian hominin related to Neanderthals, on the basis of an amino acid substitution in its collagen. Here we describe the stratigraphy, chronology, and mitochondrial DNA extracted from the sediments in BKC. We recover Denisovan mitochondrial DNA from sediments deposited ~100 thousand and ~60 thousand years ago (ka) and possibly as recently as ~45 ka. The long-term occupation of BKC by Denisovans suggests that they may have adapted to life at high altitudes and may have contributed such adaptations to modern humans on the Tibetan Plateau.

更新日期：2020-10-29

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