SARS-CoV-2 is a deadly virus that has affected human life since late 2019. Between all the countries that have reported the cases of patients with SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID-19), the United States of America has the highest number of infected people and mortality rate. Since different states in the USA reported different numbers of patients and also death cases, analyzing the difference of SARS-CoV-2 between these states has great importance. Since the generated RNA walk from the SARS-CoV-2 genome includes complex random fluctuations that also contain information, in this study, we employ the complexity and information theories to investigate the variations of SARS-CoV-2 genome between different states in the USA for the first time. The results of our analysis showed that the fractal dimension and Shannon entropy of genome walk significantly change between different states. Based on these results, we can conclude that the SARS-CoV-2 genomic structure significantly changes between different states, which is resulted from the virus evolution. Therefore, developing a vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 is very challenging since it should be able to fight various structures of the virus in different states.

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美国（美国）SARS-COV-2基因组变异的复杂性和基于信息的分析

SARS-CoV-2 是一种致命病毒，自 2019 年底以来一直影响人类生活。在所有报告 SARS-CoV-2 病 (COVID-19) 患者病例的国家中，美国的感染率最高感染人数和死亡率。由于美国不同州报告的患者数量和死亡病例数量不同，因此分析这些州之间 SARS-CoV-2 的差异非常重要。由于从 SARS-CoV-2 基因组生成的 RNA walk 包括复杂的随机波动，其中也包含信息，因此在本研究中，我们采用复杂性和信息论来研究美国不同州之间 SARS-CoV-2 基因组的变异首次。我们的分析结果表明，基因组游走的分形维数和香农熵在不同状态之间显着变化。基于这些结果，我们可以得出结论，SARS-CoV-2 基因组结构在不同状态之间发生了显着变化，这是病毒进化的结果。因此，开发针对 SARS-CoV-2 的疫苗非常具有挑战性，因为它应该能够在不同状态下对抗病毒的各种结构。