The results of studies on the application of silicate glass fibre materials in catalysis are summarized and analyzed. Despite the very low noble metal content, catalysts based on these materials showed exceptionally high activities and selectivities in some catalytic reactions. This is due to specificity of the glassy state, which makes it possible, first, to confine highly dispersed palladium and platinum species in the bulk of glass fibres and, second, selectively absorb polar molecules, thus excluding the undesirable reactions involving non-polar molecules. The size dependences of the complete oxidation of propane and selective hydrogenation of acetylene, the nature of the structure sensitivity of these reactions and the reaction mechanisms are discussed. Ways for improving glass fibre catalyst performance are proposed and examples of the successful application of Pt/glass fibre catalysts for purification of industrial gases from volatile organic compounds are given.

The bibliography includes 175 references.

总结分析了硅酸盐玻璃纤维材料在催化中的应用研究成果。尽管贵金属含量非常低，但基于这些材料的催化剂在某些催化反应中表现出异常高的活性和选择性。这是由于玻璃态的特殊性，这使得首先可以将高度分散的钯和铂物质限制在大量玻璃纤维中，其次选择性地吸收极性分子，从而排除涉及非极性分子的不良反应. 讨论了丙烷完全氧化和乙炔选择性加氢的尺寸依赖性，这些反应的结构敏感性的性质和反应机理。

参考书目包括 175 篇参考文献。