The evaluation of the significance of a chemical transformation addresses many factors, including such important characteristics as the number of chemical bonds formed in one step, the reaction time, labour intensity, the cost of reactants and catalysts and so on. The amount of waste produced in the reaction has also gained increasing importance in recent years. Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) occupy a special place as a synthetic tool in modern organic chemistry. These reactions allow the synthesis of target products with complex structures, minimizing labour costs. This review summarizes the literature on multicomponent reactions involving five or more components. The data in the review are classified according to the number of reactants participating in the reaction and the types of reactions. It is worth noting that in some cases, these transformations can be a part of a domino process, making this classification difficult, if not impossible. The structural diversity of the reaction products greatly increases with increasing number of components involved in the MCR, which becomes virtually unlimited when using combinations of MCRs. This review highlights the main trends of past decades in the field of MCRs. The last two decades have witnessed an explosive growth in the number of publications in this area of chemistry.

The bibliography includes 309 references.

对化学转化意义的评价涉及许多因素，包括一步形成的化学键的数量、反应时间、劳动强度、反应物和催化剂的成本等重要特征。近年来，反应中产生的废物量也变得越来越重要。多组分反应 (MCR) 作为现代有机化学中的一种合成工具占有特殊的地位。这些反应允许合成具有复杂结构的目标产物，从而最大限度地降低劳动力成本。这篇综述总结了涉及五个或更多组分的多组分反应的文献。综述中的数据根据​​参与反应的反应物数量和反应类型进行分类。值得注意的是，在某些情况下，这些转换可能是多米诺骨牌过程的一部分，即使不是不可能，也很难进行分类。随着 MCR 中涉及的组分数量的增加，反应产物的结构多样性大大增加，当使用 MCR 的组合时，这几乎是无限的。这篇综述突出了过去几十年 MCR 领域的主要趋势。在过去的二十年中，这一化学领域的出版物数量呈爆炸式增长。这篇综述突出了过去几十年 MCR 领域的主要趋势。在过去的二十年中，这一化学领域的出版物数量呈爆炸式增长。这篇综述突出了过去几十年 MCR 领域的主要趋势。在过去的二十年中，这一化学领域的出版物数量呈爆炸式增长。

参考书目包括 309 篇参考文献。