Thanks to the high specific surface area and low tortuosity for ionic storage and transportation, holey graphene has been regarded as a promising material for energy storage devices such as lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors. For practical application, a scalable and green preparation method for holey graphene is required. This work proposes a facile preparation method of holey graphene just by microwaving pristine graphene in air. Compared with previous scalable methods, this method exhibits much higher efficiency to reduce the preparation time from hours to minutes. The mechanism underlying the microwave irradiation-induced formation of nanosized holes involves the interaction among microwave, electrons, oxygen in air, and carbon atoms in defect area of graphene. The size, density and distribution of holes can be controlled by tuning microwave irradiation time and oxygen concentration. Used as hybrid conductive agent, the as-prepared holey multilayer graphene improves capacitance retention to 96.25% at high current density (8 A/g) and 96.48 % in long cycles (1 A/g and 10000 cycles).

中文翻译：

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微波可扩展、快速制备多孔多层石墨烯及其在超级电容器中的应用

由于离子存储和运输的高比表面积和低弯曲度，多孔石墨烯被认为是锂离子电池和超级电容器等储能设备的有前途的材料。在实际应用中，需要一种可扩展的绿色多孔石墨烯制备方法。这项工作提出了一种仅通过在空气中微波加热原始石墨烯来制备多孔石墨烯的简便方法。与以前的可扩展方法相比，该方法具有更高的效率，可将制备时间从几小时缩短到几分钟。微波辐射诱导纳米孔形成的机制涉及微波、电子、空气中的氧和石墨烯缺陷区域中的碳原子之间的相互作用。尺寸，空穴的密度和分布可以通过调整微波照射时间和氧浓度来控制。用作混合导电剂，所制备的多孔多层石墨烯在高电流密度 (8 A/g) 下将电容保持率提高至 96.25%，在长循环（1 A/g 和 10000 次循环）下将电容保持率提高至 96.48%。