The integration of ICT into power systems has increased the interdependencies between the two systems. The operation of power system depends on several ICT-enabled grid services which manifest the interdependencies. ENTSO-E system state classification is a tool that is widely used by operators to determine the current operational state of the power system. However, it does not adequately describe the impact of ICT disturbances on the operation of the power system. Despite their interconnections, the operational states of both systems have been described separately so far. This paper bridges the well-established ENTSO-E systems state classification with an ICT system state classification, forming a new model considering the state classification of the ICT-enabled grid services. The model is developed by first identifying the ICT-enabled services, remedial actions and the respective performance requirements that are required by the power system. Then the states of these services are specified based on the supporting ICT system. The resulting joint state description shows how performance degradation of ICT-enabled services (introduced by disturbances) can affect the operation of the interconnected power system. Two case studies of such ICT-enabled services, namely state estimation and on-load tap changer control, are investigated in terms of how their operational states affect the states of the power system. A third case study highlights the interdependencies that exist between the services. These case studies demonstrate the interdependencies that exist between power and ICT systems in modern cyber-physical energy systems, thus highlighting the usage of a unified system state description.

中文翻译：

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国家对网络物理能源系统的描述

将ICT集成到电力系统中，增加了两个系统之间的相互依赖性。电力系统的运行取决于表现出相互依赖性的几种启用ICT的电网服务。ENTSO-E系统状态分类是操作员广泛用来确定电力系统当前运行状态的工具。但是，它没有充分描述ICT干扰对电力系统运行的影响。尽管它们是相互连接的，但到目前为止，已经分别描述了这两个系统的操作状态。本文将完善的ENTSO-E系统状态分类与ICT系统状态分类联系起来，从而形成了一个新模型，其中考虑了ICT支持的网格服务的状态分类。通过首先确定启用ICT的服务来开发该模型，电力系统要求的补救措施和相应的性能要求。然后根据支持的ICT系统指定这些服务的状态。最终的联合状态描述显示了ICT启用的服务的性能下降（由干扰引起）如何影响互连的电力系统的运行。研究了这种基于ICT的服务的两个案例研究，即状态估计和有载分接开关控制，它们的工作状态如何影响电力系统的状态。第三个案例研究强调了服务之间存在的相互依赖性。这些案例研究证明了现代网络物理能源系统中电力和ICT系统之间存在相互依存关系，从而强调了统一系统状态描述的使用。