Efficient osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a critical step in the treatment of bone defects and skeletal disorders, which present challenges for cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine. Thus, it is necessary to understand the regulatory agents involved in osteogenesis. Epigenetic mechanisms are considered to be the primary mediators that regulate gene expression during MSC differentiation. In recent years, epigenetic enzyme inhibitors have been used as epidrugs in cancer therapy. A number of studies mentioned the role of epigenetic inhibitors in the regulation of gene expression patterns related to osteogenic differentiation. This review attempts to provide an overview of the key regulatory agents of osteogenesis: transcription factors, signaling pathways, and, especially, epigenetic mechanisms. In addition, we propose to introduce epigenetic enzyme inhibitors (epidrugs) and their applications as future therapeutic approaches for bone defect regeneration.

中文翻译：

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Epidrugs：新型表观遗传调节剂，为靶向成骨细胞的分化打开了新窗口

间充质干细胞（MSC）的有效成骨分化是治疗骨缺损和骨骼疾病的关键步骤，这对基于细胞的治疗和再生医学提出了挑战。因此，有必要了解参与成骨的调节剂。表观遗传机制被认为是在MSC分化过程中调节基因表达的主要介质。近年来，表观遗传酶抑制剂已被用作癌症治疗中的表观药物。许多研究提到了表观遗传抑制剂在调节与成骨分化有关的基因表达模式中的作用。这篇综述试图概述成骨的关键调节因子：转录因子，信号传导途径，尤其是表观遗传机制。此外，