In this article, a new security vulnerability in electricity market operations is identified. It involves certain parameters in the network model database whose errors, by nature, are difficult to detect and identify. These errors can either occur due to unintentional reasons or be maliciously introduced by cyber-adversaries. It is shown that by impacting the injection shift factors and transmission line congestion patterns, these errors may exert biases on locational marginal prices (LMPs), and thus impact the revenues received by the holders of financial transmission rights (FTRs). A method is then developed for identifying the network parameters whose errors are difficult to detect and may have severe impacts on the LMPs and FTR revenues. Simulation results in the IEEE 57-bus system are presented to illustrate and verify the analysis and the proposed method. The proposed framework can be used to conduct cyber-vulnerability assessment for power system model databases.

中文翻译：

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识别由弱可检测的网络参数错误引起的电力市场运营中的安全漏洞


在本文中，确定了电力市场运营中的一个新的安全漏洞。它涉及网络模型数据库中的某些参数，这些参数的错误本质上很难检测和识别。这些错误可能是由于无意原因而发生的，也可能是由网络对手恶意引入的。结果表明，通过影响注入转移因素和输电线路拥堵模式，这些误差可能会对位置边际价格（LMP）产生偏差，从而影响金融输电权（FTR）持有者获得的收入。然后开发了一种方法来识别网络参数，这些参数的错误难以检测并且可能对 LMP 和 FTR 收入产生严重影响。给出了 IEEE 57 总线系统的仿真结果来说明和验证分析和所提出的方法。所提出的框架可用于对电力系统模型数据库进行网络脆弱性评估。