BACKGROUND In general, adults with congenital heart disease have reduced exercise capacity and many do not reach the recommended level of physical activity. A physically active lifestyle is essential to maintain health and to counteract acquired cardiovascular disease, therefore enablers and barriers for being physically active are important to identify. AIM To describe what adults with complex congenital heart diseases consider as physical activity, and what they experience as enablers and barriers for being physically active. METHODS A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews in which 14 adults with complex congenital heart disease (seven women) participated. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS The analysis revealed four categories considered enablers and barriers - encouragement, energy level, approach and environment. The following is exemplified by the category encouragement as an enabler: if one had experienced support and encouragement to be physically active as a child, they were more positive to be physically active as an adult. In contrast, as a barrier, if the child lacked support and encouragement from others, they had never had the opportunity to learn to be physically active. CONCLUSION It is important for adults with congenital heart disease to have the opportunity to identify barriers and enablers for being physically active. They need knowledge about their own exercise capacity and need to feel safe that physical activity is not harmful. This knowledge can be used by healthcare professionals to promote, support and eliminate misconceptions about physical activity. Barriers can potentially be transformed into enablers through increased knowledge about attitudes and prerequisites.

中文翻译：

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身体活动的促成因素和障碍：先天性心脏病成人的经验

背景一般来说，患有先天性心脏病的成年人运动能力下降，并且许多人没有达到推荐的体力活动水平。身体活跃的生活方式对于保持健康和对抗获得性心血管疾病至关重要，因此需要确定身体活跃的促成因素和障碍。目的 描述患有复杂先天性心脏病的成年人将什么视为体育活动，以及他们作为体育活动的促成因素和障碍所经历的事情。方法 一项使用半结构化访谈的定性研究，其中 14 名患有复杂先天性心脏病的成年人（7 名女性）参与其中。使用定性内容分析对访谈进行分析。结果 分析揭示了被认为是促成因素和障碍的四个类别——鼓励、能量水平、方法和环境。以下以鼓励作为推动者的类别为例：如果一个人在童年时经历过身体活动的支持和鼓励，那么他们在成年后进行身体活动会更加积极。相比之下，作为障碍，如果孩子缺乏他人的支持和鼓励，他们就永远没有机会学习体育锻炼。结论 对于患有先天性心脏病的成年人来说，有机会识别身体活动的障碍和促成因素是很重要的。他们需要了解自己的运动能力，需要对身体活动无害感到安全。医疗保健专业人员可以利用这些知识来促进、支持和消除对身体活动的误解。