Discussions and debates about the governance of human germline and heritable genome editing should be informed by a clear and accurate understanding of the global policy landscape. This policy survey of 106 countries yields significant new data. A large majority of countries (96 out of 106) surveyed have policy documents—legislation, regulations, guidelines, codes, and international treaties—relevant to the use of genome editing to modify early-stage human embryos, gametes, or their precursor cells. Most of these 96 countries do not have policies that specifically address the use of genetically modified in vitro embryos in laboratory research (germline genome editing); of those that do, 23 prohibit this research and 11 explicitly permit it. Seventy-five of the 96 countries prohibit the use of genetically modified in vitro embryos to initiate a pregnancy (heritable genome editing). Five of these 75 countries provide exceptions to their prohibitions. No country explicitly permits heritable human genome editing. These data contrast markedly with previously reported findings.

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人类生殖系和遗传基因组编辑：全球政策格局

关于人类生殖系和可遗传基因组编辑的治理的讨论和辩论应该以对全球政策格局的清晰准确的理解为依据。这项对 106 个国家的政策调查产生了重要的新数据。大多数接受调查的国家（106 个中的 96 个）都有与使用基因组编辑修改早期人类胚胎、配子或其前体细胞相关的政策文件——立法、法规、指南、代码和国际条约。这 96 个国家中的大多数没有专门针对体外转基因的使用的政策。实验室研究中的胚胎（种系基因组编辑）；在那些这样做的人中，23 个禁止这项研究，11 个明确允许。在 96 个国家中，有 75 个国家禁止使用转基因体外胚胎启动妊娠（可遗传基因组编辑）。在这 75 个国家中，有 5 个国家提供了禁令的例外情况。没有国家明确允许可遗传的人类基因组编辑。这些数据与之前报道的结果形成鲜明对比。