Nano-TiC and nano-WC anodes for Li-ion battery were manufactured by high-energy ball milling. Pure titanium powder and toluene are mixed with a high-energy ball mill to prepare TiC powder. The powder is calcined at 750°C/1 h and secondary ball milled to make a negative electrode for lithium-ion battery. The phase composition and micromorphology of TiC powder are analyzed and observed, and the charge-discharge cycle performance of TiC anode material is tested. The results show that there are TiH₂ and WC impurities in the product after primary ball milling. After calcination and secondary ball milling, TiH₂ impurities are removed and the TiC grain size is refined, and TiC powder is obtained with a grain size of 12.5 nm. The specific discharge capacity of the TiC anode is stable during the long cycle discharge. When the current density is 1 A/g, the specific discharge capacity can still be maintained at 110 mAh/g after 3000 cycles. The results show that TiC anode materials have excellent long-cycle performance and could be used as the frame material of Si anode materials. Nano-WC powders are prepared by a ball milling method to investigate the effect of WC impurities on the performance of TiC lithium batteries. The charge and discharge capacity at 0.5 A/g current density is similar to that of TiC anode. After 2000 cycles, the discharge-specific capacity is about 100 mA/g, which is slightly lower than TiC, and the final capacity is maintained at 230 mA/g, but its low discharge capacity affects the performance of the TiC battery after a long ball milling. The results show that the performance of the TiC anode after the first 50 h of ball milling is poor. The main reason is the agglomeration of TiC nanoparticles.

中文翻译：

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通过高能球磨机制造的锂离子电池长寿命TiC阳极

通过高能球磨制备了用于锂离子电池的纳米TiC和纳米WC阳极。将纯钛粉和甲苯与高能球磨机混合以制备TiC粉。将粉末在750°C / 1 h煅烧，然后进行二次球磨，制成锂离子电池负极。分析并观察了TiC粉末的相组成和微观形貌，并测试了TiC负极材料的充放电循环性能。结果表明，初次球磨后产品中存在TiH ₂和WC杂质。煅烧和二次球磨后，TiH ₂除去杂质，细化TiC晶粒度，得到TiC粉末，晶粒尺寸为12.5 nm。TiC阳极的比放电容量在长循环放电期间稳定。当电流密度为1 A / g时，在3000次循环后，比放电容量仍可保持在110 mAh / g。结果表明，TiC阳极材料具有良好的长循环性能，可作为Si阳极材料的骨架材料。通过球磨法制备纳米WC粉，以研究WC杂质对TiC锂电池性能的影响。在电流密度为0.5 A / g时的充放电容量与TiC阳极的充放电容量相似。在2000次循环后，放电比容量约为100 mA / g，略低于TiC，最终容量保持在230 mA / g，但长时间放电后其低放电容量会影响TiC电池的性能。结果表明，球磨头50 h后的TiC阳极性能较差。主要原因是TiC纳米颗粒的团聚。