Coconut shell activated carbon loaded with cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) composites (CAC/CoFe2O4) was synthesized via the single-step refluxing router method to manufacture adsorbents. The adsorbents were then applied to remove Rhodamine B (RhB) from aqueous environments via adsorption. The properties of coconut shell activated carbon (CAC) and CAC/CoFe2O4 were investigated through the usage of electron microscopic methods (SEM: Scanning Electron Microscopy, EDS: Energy Dispersive X-ray), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). A series of batch experiments were implemented to evaluate the influences of various experimental parameters (initial pH, RhB concentration, contact time, and dosage of CAC/CoFe2O4) on the adsorption process. It was found that CoFe2O4 was successfully attached to activated carbon particles and had the suitable adsorption capacity for RhB at a molar ratio of 1 : 2:200 corresponding to the Co : Fe:CAC order. The removal efficiency and adsorption of RhB were optimal at a pH level of 4. The maximum adsorption capacity was 94.08 mg/g at an initial concentration of 350 mg/L and adsorbent dosage of 0.05 g/25 mL. Freundlich and Langmuir's models fitted well with the results obtained from the experimental data. The pseudo-second-order model also suited the most for RhB adsorption with the most remarkable correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.934). The adsorption process was controlled by a chemisorption mechanism through electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding interactions, and π-π interactions.

中文翻译：

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椰壳活性炭/CoFe2O4 复合物用于去除水溶液中的罗丹明 B

通过单步回流路由器法合成负载铁酸钴 (CoFe2O4) 复合材料 (CAC/CoFe2O4) 的椰壳活性炭来制造吸附剂。然后应用吸附剂通过吸附从水性环境中去除罗丹明 B (RhB)。通过使用电子显微镜方法（SEM：扫描电子显微镜，EDS：能量色散 X 射线）、粉末 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和傅立叶研究了椰壳活性炭 (CAC) 和 CAC/CoFe2O4 的性质变换红外光谱 (FTIR)。实施了一系列批量实验以评估各种实验参数（初始 pH 值、RhB 浓度、接触时间和 CAC/CoFe2O4 用量）对吸附过程的影响。发现 CoFe2O4 成功地附着在活性炭颗粒上，并在 1:2:200 的摩尔比对应于 Co:Fe:CAC 顺序时对 RhB 具有合适的吸附能力。RhB 的去除效率和吸附在 pH 值为 4 时最佳。在初始浓度为 350 mg/L 和吸附剂用量为 0.05 g/25 mL 时，最大吸附量为 94.08 mg/g。Freundlich 和 Langmuir 的模型与从实验数据获得的结果非常吻合。伪二阶模型也最适合 RhB 吸附，相关系数最显着（R2 = 0.934）。吸附过程通过静电吸引、氢键相互作用和π-π相互作用由化学吸附机制控制。