We present the results of the development of a representational model of the multispectral polarization state analyzer of the ScanPol scanning polarimeter for the space experiment Aerosol-UA. The aim of the Ukrainian space mission Aerosol-UA is to create a database based on continuous satellite measurements of the optical characteristics of aerosol and cloud particles in the Earth’s atmosphere over a long period of time. The ScanPol polarimeter is designed to acquire spatial, temporal, and spectral-polarimetric measurements simultaneously to minimize instrumental “parasitic” effects and effects of “false” polarizations due to scene movement. Simultaneity is provided by separation of the initial spatial field by a pair of conjugated telescopes and a pair of Wollaston prisms. ScanPol provides to measure the first three Stokes parameters I, Q, and U of the radiation reflected by atmospheric aerosols and the Earth’s surface for a six solar reflectance spectral bands in the near ultraviolet (NUV), visible (VIS), and near-infrared (NIR) spectral channels centered in the wavelengths 370 nm, 410 nm, 555 nm, 865 nm, 1378 nm, and 1620 nm. Stokes parameters I, Q, and U are used to determine a degree of linear polarization of radiation that will allow obtaining the phase function and polarization characteristics of aerosol particle scattering, estimate their size, and determine the aerosol type and optical thickness. The polarimeter optical layout is considered, and the spectral characteristics of the transmission of optical channels are given. Obtained signal-to-noise ratio exceeded 500 for wavelengths 370 nm and 410 nm and exceeded 1000 for other wavelengths. The design of the chosen photodetectors is based on surface mount type photodiodes: Si-photodiodes Hamamatsu S10356-01 for the optical range of 370–860 nm and InGaAs-photodiodes Hamamatsu G8941-011620 for wavelengths 1378 nm and 1620 nm. The effect of orientation of Wollaston prisms axes on polarization measurement error is considered. The errors of azimuth mount of Wollaston prisms ≤2 arcmin in ScanPol leads to error of degree of linear polarization ≤0.0012.

中文翻译：

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扫描偏振计ScanPol的多光谱偏振态分析仪

我们介绍了用于太空实验Aerosol-UA的ScanPol扫描旋光仪的多光谱偏振态分析仪的代表性模型的开发结果。乌克兰空间飞行任务Aerosol-UA的目的是建立一个基于连续卫星测量数据的数据库，该测量数据是对长时间以来地球大气中气溶胶和云颗粒的光学特性的连续测量。ScanPol旋光仪设计用于同时获取空间，时间和光谱极化测量结果，以最大程度地减小仪器的“寄生”效应和由于场景移动引起的“假”极化效应。通过使用一对共轭望远镜和一对沃拉斯顿棱镜分离初始空间场来提供同步性。ScanPol可测量前三个Stokes参数大气气溶胶和地球表面反射的辐射的I，Q和U在以波长为中心的近紫外（NUV），可见（VIS）和近红外（NIR）光谱通道中的六个太阳反射光谱带中370 nm，410 nm，555 nm，865 nm，1378 nm和1620 nm。斯托克斯参数I，Q和U用于确定辐射线偏振的程度，这将允许获得气溶胶颗粒散射的相位函数和偏振特性，估计其大小以及确定气溶胶类型和光学厚度。考虑了旋光仪的光学布局，并给出了光通道传输的光谱特性。对于波长370 nm和410 nm，获得的信噪比超过500，而对于其他波长，则超过1000。选择的光电探测器的设计基于表面安装型光电二极管：Si光电二极管Hamamatsu S10356-01用于370-860 nm的光学范围，InGaAs光电二极管Hamamatsu G8941-011620用于波长1378 nm和1620 nm。考虑了Wollaston棱镜轴的取向对偏振测量误差的影响。