Background. Acquired brain injury (ABI) is one of the leading causes of motor deficits in children and adults and often results in motor control and balance impairments. Motor deficits include abnormal loading and unloading, increased double support time, decreased walking speed, control, and coordination. These deficits lead to diminished functional ambulation and reduced quality of life. Robotic exoskeletons (RE) for motor rehabilitation can provide the user with consistent, symmetrical, goal-directed repetition of movement, as well as balance and stability. Purpose. The goal of this preliminary prospective before and after study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of RE training on the loading/unloading and spatial-temporal characteristics in adolescents and young adults with chronic ABI. Method. Seven participants diagnosed with ABI between the ages of 14 and 27 years participated in the study. All participants received twelve 45 minute sessions of RE gait training. The bilateral loading (linearity of loading and rate of loading), speed, step length, swing time, stance time, and total time were collected using Zeno™ walkway (ProtoKinetics, Havertown, PA, USA) before and after RE training. Results. Results from the study showed improved step length, speed, and an overall progression towards healthy bilateral loading, with linearity of loading showing a significant therapeutic effect (). Conclusion. These preliminary results suggest that high dose, repetitive, consistent gait training using RE has the potential to induce recovery of function in adolescents and young adults diagnosed with ABI.

中文翻译：

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获得性脑损伤的青少年和年轻人进行机器人外骨骼训练后的动力学步态变化

背景。获得性脑损伤 (ABI) 是儿童和成人运动障碍的主要原因之一，并且经常导致运动控制和平衡障碍。运动缺陷包括异常装载和卸载、增加双支撑时间、降低步行速度、控制和协调。这些缺陷导致功能性步行减少和生活质量下降。用于运动康复的机器人外骨骼 (RE) 可以为用户提供一致、对称、目标导向的重复运动，以及平衡和稳定性。目的。这项研究前后初步前瞻性的目的是评估 RE 训练对患有慢性 ABI 的青少年和年轻人的加载/卸载和时空特征的治疗效果。方法。七名年龄在 14 至 27 岁之间被诊断患有 ABI 的参与者参加了这项研究。所有参与者都接受了 12 次 45 分钟的 RE 步态训练。使用 Zeno™ walkway（ProtoKinetics，Havertown，PA，USA）在 RE 训练前后收集双侧负荷（负荷线性和负荷速率）、速度、步长、摆动时间、站立时间和总时间。结果。研究结果表明，步长、速度和双侧负荷的总体进展得到改善，负荷的线性度显示出显着的治疗效果。）。 结论。这些初步结果表明，使用 RE 进行的高剂量、重复、一致的步态训练有可能促进被诊断为 ABI 的青少年和年轻人的功能恢复。