A phase-retrieval algorithm can reconstruct the phase of an object from an intensity image of a diffraction pattern recorded at the Fourier plane, provided one makes a right initial guess. For the algorithms that are based on an initial random guess, at times, the output either becomes nondeterministic, becomes nonconvergent, or develops a twin image. For improving the performance of the algorithms by eliminating the twin image and for bringing uniqueness to the output, prior information about the object or more intensity measurements are needed. In order to achieve this using only a single acquisition of the intensity pattern recorded at the Fourier plane for an object, we propose a method in which object support, along with the object information in the case in which the object has a direction of asymmetry, can be measured from the object autocorrelation and utilized as an initial guess in the phase-retrieval algorithm. In the process, we explore how even a partial asymmetry in the object distribution can lead to a good solution in the phase-retrieval algorithm. This method is beneficial for unique phase detection without any twin artifact in various fields of optics. We theoretically analyze the proposed method and validate it by carrying out the simulations and experiment.

中文翻译：

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使用考虑对象不对称性的自相关方面的单次和双图像免费唯一相位检索

取相算法可以根据在傅立叶平面记录的衍射图的强度图像重建物体的相位，前提是可以做出正确的初始猜测。对于基于初始随机猜测的算法，有时输出要么变得不确定，要么变得不收敛，要么会生成双图像。为了通过消除双图像来提高算法的性能并为输出带来唯一性，需要有关对象的先验信息或更多强度测量。为了仅通过一次获取在对象的傅里叶平面上记录的强度模式来实现此目的，我们提出了一种方法，在该方法中，在对象具有不对称方向的情况下，对象支持与对象信息一起使用，可以从对象自相关中测量出α，并将其用作相位检索算法中的初始猜测。在此过程中，我们探索即使对象分布中的部分不对称也可以导致相位检索算法中的良好解决方案。该方法对于独特的相位检测非常有益，在光学的各个领域中都没有任何双伪影。我们从理论上分析了提出的方法，并通过进行仿真和实验对其进行了验证。