Adaptive optics (AO) methods are widely used in microscopes to improve image quality through correction of phase aberrations. A range of wavefront-sensorless AO schemes exist, such as modal, pupil segmentation zonal, and pixelated piston-based methods. Each of these has a different physical implementation that makes direct comparisons difficult. Here, we propose a framework that fits in all sensorless AO methods and facilitates systematic comparisons among them. We introduce a general model for the aberration representation that encompasses many existing methods. Through modeling and experimental verification in a two-photon microscope, we compared sensorless AO schemes with a range of aberration representations to correct both simulated and sample induced aberrations. The results show that different representations can provide a better basis for correction in different experimental scenarios, which can inform the choice of sensorless AO schemes for a particular application.

中文翻译：

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显微镜无传感器自适应光学的通用框架：广义像差表示

自适应光学（AO）方法已广泛用于显微镜中，以通过校正相差来改善图像质量。存在一系列无波前无传感器的AO方案，例如模态，瞳孔分割纬向和基于像素化活塞的方法。这些中的每一个都有不同的物理实现方式，这使得直接比较变得困难。在这里，我们提出了一个适合所有无传感器AO方法的框架，并促进了它们之间的系统比较。我们介绍了一个包含许多现有方法的像差表示的通用模型。通过在双光子显微镜中进行建模和实验验证，我们将无传感器的AO方案与一系列像差表示形式进行了比较，以校正模拟和样品引起的像差。