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Parton Distributions in Nucleons and Nuclei
Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science ( IF 9.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-19 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nucl-011720-042725
Jacob J. Ethier 1 , Emanuele R. Nocera 1
Affiliation  

We review the current status of Parton Distribution Function (PDF) determinations for unpolarized and longitudinally polarized protons and for unpolarized nuclei, which are probed by high-energy hadronic scattering in perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). We present the established theoretical framework, the experimental information, and the methodological aspects inherent to any modern PDF extraction. Furthermore, we summarize the present knowledge of PDFs and discuss their limitations in both accuracy and precision relevant to advance our understanding of QCD proton substructure and pursue our quest for precision in the Standard Model and beyond. In this respect, we highlight various achievements, discuss contemporary issues in PDF analyses, and outline future directions of progress.

中文翻译:

核子和原子核中的部分分布

我们回顾了非极化和纵向极化质子以及非极化核的 Parton 分布函数 (PDF) 测定的当前状态,这些是通过微扰量子色动力学 (QCD) 中的高能强子散射探测的。我们介绍了已建立的理论框架、实验信息和任何现代 PDF 提取所固有的方法论方面。此外,我们总结了 PDF 的现有知识,并讨论了它们在准确性和精度方面的局限性,以促进我们对 QCD 质子子结构的理解,并在标准模型及其他模型中追求我们对精度的追求。在这方面,我们突出了各种成就,讨论了 PDF 分析中的当代问题,并概述了未来的进展方向。
更新日期:2020-10-19
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