Previously conducted space missions revealed the presence of perchlorates, which are known to have a high oxidizing potential in Martian regolith, at the level of 0.5%. Due to hygroscopic properties and crystallization features of perchlorate-containing solutions, assumptions leading to the possibility of the existence of liquid water in the form of brines, which can contribute to the vital activity of microorganisms, have been made. At the same time, high concentrations of perchlorates can inhibit the growth of microorganisms and cause their death. Previously performed studies have discovered the presence of highly diverse microbial communities in terrestrial perchlorate-containing soils and have also demonstrated the stability and activity of some prokaryotes cultured on highly concentrated perchlorates media (over 10%). Nevertheless, the limits of microbial tolerance to perchlorates and whether microbial communities are able to withstand the effects of high concentrations of perchlorates remain uncertain. The aim of this research was to study the reaction of microbial communities of hot-arid and cryo-arid soils and sedimentary rocks to the adding of a highly concentrated solution of sodium perchlorate (5%) in situ. An increase in the total number of prokaryotes, the number of metabolically active Bacteria and Archaea, and the variety of the consumed substrates were revealed. It was observed that in samples incubated with sodium perchlorate, a high taxonomic diversity of the microbial community is preserved at a level comparable to control sample. The study shows that the presence of high concentrations of sodium perchlorate (5%) in the soil does not lead to the death or significant inhibition of microbial communities.

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高氯酸钠影响下土壤微生物群落的生存和生长

先前进行的太空任务揭示了高氯酸盐的存在，众所周知，高氯酸盐在火星风化层中具有很高的氧化潜力，含量为 0.5%。由于含高氯酸盐溶液的吸湿性和结晶特征，人们假设可能存在盐水形式的液态水，这可能有助于微生物的生命活动。同时，高浓度的高氯酸盐会抑制微生物的生长并导致其死亡。先前进行的研究发现，在含高氯酸盐的陆地土壤中存在高度多样化的微生物群落，并且还证明了在高浓度高氯酸盐培养基（超过 10%）上培养的一些原核生物的稳定性和活性。尽管如此，微生物对高氯酸盐的耐受限度以及微生物群落是否能够承受高浓度高氯酸盐的影响仍然不确定。本研究的目的是研究高温干旱和低温干旱土壤和沉积岩的微生物群落对添加高浓度高氯酸钠 (5%) 溶液的反应原位. 原核生物总数的增加，代谢活跃的数量细菌和古细菌，并揭示了消耗的底物的种类。据观察，在用高氯酸钠孵育的样品中，微生物群落的高分类多样性被保存在与对照样品相当的水平。研究表明，土壤中高浓度高氯酸钠（5%）的存在不会导致微生物群落死亡或显着抑制。