Abstract The application of one-dimensional nanofibers in the fabrication of an electrode greatly improves the performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) due to its advantages on electron transfer and mass transport. Various mixed ionic-electronic conducting materials with perovskites and Ruddlesden-Popper-type metal oxide structures are successfully electrospun into nanofibers in recent years mostly in solvent solution and some in melt forms, which are used as anode and cathode electrodes for SOFCs. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the structure, electrochemical performance, and development of anode and cathode nanofiber electrodes including processing, structure, and property characterization. The focuses are first on the precursor, applied voltage, and polymer in the material electrospinning process, the performance of the fiber, potential limitation and drawbacks, and factors affecting fiber morphology, and sintering temperature for impurity-free fibers. Information on relevant methodologies for cell fabrication and stability issues, polarization resistances, area specific resistance, conductivity, and power densities are summarized in the paper, and technology limitations, research challenges, and future trends are also discussed. The concluded information benefits improvement of the material properties and optimization of microstructure of the electrodes for SOFCs.

中文翻译：

---

电纺纳米纤维电极用于固体氧化物燃料电池的进展：综述

摘要 一维纳米纤维在电极制造中的应用，由于其在电子传递和传质方面的优势，大大提高了固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFCs）的性能。近年来，各种具有钙钛矿和 Ruddlesden-Popper 型金属氧化物结构的混合离子-电子导电材料成功地电纺成纳米纤维，主要是在溶剂溶液中和一些以熔融形式，用作 SOFC 的阳极和阴极电极。本文全面回顾了阳极和阴极纳米纤维电极的结构、电化学性能和发展，包括加工、结构和性能表征。重点首先放在材料静电纺丝过程中的前驱体、施加电压和聚合物、纤维的性能、潜在的限制和缺点，以及影响纤维形态的因素，以及无杂质纤维的烧结温度。本文总结了有关电池制造和稳定性问题、极化电阻、面积比电阻、电导率和功率密度的相关方法的信息，还讨论了技术局限性、研究挑战和未来趋势。总结的信息有利于 SOFC 电极材料性能的改进和微结构的优化。论文中总结了功率密度和功率密度，还讨论了技术局限性、研究挑战和未来趋势。总结的信息有利于 SOFC 电极材料性能的改进和微结构的优化。论文中总结了功率密度和功率密度，还讨论了技术局限性、研究挑战和未来趋势。总结的信息有利于 SOFC 电极材料性能的改进和微结构的优化。