Abstract

Disasters have quadrupled over the last two decades leading to unprecedented loss of life. The objective of disaster-focussed humanitarian supply chains (HSCs) is to ensure saving maximum lives with limited resources; despite severe uncertainties. Therefore, significant research has investigated lean and agile in HSCs; to effectively source and speedily deploy resources, with minimum wastage; in each disaster life-cycle phase. However, the literature and research findings are currently highly disjointed regarding how lean and agile principles may be aligned with different HSC activities in the disaster management lifecycle; and do not provide a collective understanding for practitioners and researchers. This paper reviews and organises the literature on HSCs in relation to lean and agile paradigms, focussing on the pre-disaster (mitigation and preparedness) and post-disaster (response and recovery) phases. Findings reveal, all phases benefit from both lean and agile, with agile benefitting the response phase most. The phases are inter-dependent and identifying optimum decoupling points for lean and agile principles are crucial. Majority research has focussed on individual or a couple of phases. Therefore, authors recommend research on integrating the functions of the different phases by employing lean and agile principles, to generate rapid response, economies of scale and cost minimisation.

摘要

在过去的二十年里，灾害翻了两番，导致前所未有的生命损失。以灾害为重点的人道主义供应链 (HSC) 的目标是确保以有限的资源最大限度地挽救生命；尽管存在严重的不确定性。因此，大量研究调查了 HSC 中的精益和敏捷；有效地寻找和快速部署资源，尽量减少浪费；在每个灾难生命周期阶段。然而，目前关于精益和敏捷原则如何与灾害管理生命周期中的不同 HSC 活动保持一致的文献和研究结果高度脱节；并且不为从业者和研究人员提供集体理解。本文回顾并整理了与精益和敏捷范式相关的 HSC 文献，重点关注灾前（减轻和准备）和灾后（响应和恢复）阶段。调查结果显示，所有阶段都受益于精益和敏捷，其中敏捷最有利于响应阶段。这些阶段是相互依赖的，确定精益和敏捷原则的最佳解耦点至关重要。大多数研究都集中在单个或几个阶段。因此，作者建议研究通过采用精益和敏捷原则来整合不同阶段的功能，以产生快速响应、规模经济和成本最小化。这些阶段是相互依赖的，确定精益和敏捷原则的最佳解耦点至关重要。大多数研究都集中在单个或几个阶段。因此，作者建议研究通过采用精益和敏捷原则来整合不同阶段的功能，以产生快速响应、规模经济和成本最小化。这些阶段是相互依赖的，确定精益和敏捷原则的最佳解耦点至关重要。大多数研究都集中在单个或几个阶段。因此，作者建议研究通过采用精益和敏捷原则来整合不同阶段的功能，以产生快速响应、规模经济和成本最小化。