Abstract

One of the most important considerations in the design of electronic systems for post-accident monitoring in a nuclear power plant is how to deal with the complex and uncertain radiation environments. Without using special design methodologies and adequate protection, nonradiation-hardened commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) electronic components can easily be damaged. In this paper, a new design methodology is proposed so that COTS components can be used in building post-accident monitoring systems (PAMSs). To validate the effectiveness of the methodology, a prototype wireless post-accident monitoring system has been designed, implemented, and evaluated in a ⁶⁰Co gamma radiation environment. It has been concluded that even at a dose rate of 20 krad (Si)/h, the prototype system operates satisfactorily even after being irradiated for 21 h. The system also operates satisfactorily at a low dose rate of 200 rad (Si)/h. It can be concluded that, even with COTS components, the proposed design can effectively extend the lifespan of post-accident monitoring systems in different radiation environments. Based on the experimental results, it can be said with confidence that the developed radiation-tolerant wireless monitoring system can operate for at least 8 h under the highest observed dose rate (530 Sv/h) encountered during the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster and would have been able to provide crucial information to first responders following the accident.

摘要

在核电厂事故后监控电子系统的设计中，最重要的考虑因素之一是如何处理复杂且不确定的辐射环境。如果不使用特殊的设计方法和足够的保护，则很容易损坏未经辐射硬化的现成商用（COTS）电子组件。在本文中，提出了一种新的设计方法，以便可以将COTS组件用于构建事故后监控系统（PAMS）。为了验证该方法的有效性，已经在^60年代设计，实施和评估了原型无线事后监控系统。伽玛射线辐射环境。已经得出的结论是，即使以20 krad（Si）/ h的剂量率，原型系统即使在辐照21 h后仍能令人满意地运行。该系统还可以以200 rad（Si）/ h的低剂量率令人满意地运行。可以得出结论，即使使用COTS组件，所提出的设计也可以有效地延长不同辐射环境下事故后监视系统的寿命。根据实验结果，可以肯定地说，开发的耐辐射无线监控系统在福岛第一核电站灾难期间遇到的最高观测剂量率（530 Sv / h）下可以运行至少8小时，并且具有能够在事故发生后向急救人员提供关键信息。