Abstract

Cows’ milk is a relatively poor source of vitamin D but figures listed in UK food composition tables may be outdated. Samples of milk were collected for 1-year and vitamin D₃ concentrations analysed using HPLC. Milk consumption data were obtained from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (Years 1–4). A theoretical model applied vitamin D₃ fortifications of 1 μg, 1.5 μg and 2 μg/100g to simulate improvements in vitamin D intakes. Mean ± SD vitamin D₃ in whole milk was 0.06 ± 0.02 μg/100g. No seasonal differences were apparent. Fortification of cows’ milks with 1 μg, 1.5 μg and 2.0 μg/100g, theoretically increased median vitamin D intakes from 2.0 μg/day to 4.2 μg, 5.1 μg and 5.9 μg/day, respectively. Higher vitamin D₃ in milk from this study than that currently in food composition tables, suggests further analysis is warranted. This model suggests vitamin D fortification of cows’ milk is an effective strategy to help more of the population achieve recently revised RNIs for vitamin D.

摘要

牛奶是维生素 D 相对较差的来源，但英国食品成分表中列出的数据可能已经过时。收集了 1 年的牛奶样品，并使用 HPLC 分析了维生素 D _{3 的}浓度。牛奶消费数据来自全国饮食和营养调查（第 1-4 年）。一个理论模型应用了 1 μg、1.5 μg 和 2 μg/100g 的维生素 D ₃强化剂来模拟维生素 D 摄入量的改善。全脂牛奶中维生素 D _{3 的}平均值 ± SD为 0.06 ± 0.02 μg/100g。没有明显的季节性差异。用 1 微克、1.5 微克和 2.0 微克/100 克强化牛奶，理论上将维生素 D 摄入量从 2.0 微克/天分别增加到 4.2 微克、5.1 微克和 5.9 微克/天。更高的维生素 D ₃这项研究的牛奶中的含量比目前食品成分表中的含量高，表明有必要进行进一步的分析。该模型表明，牛奶中的维生素 D 强化是一种有效的策略，可以帮助更多的人实现最近修订的维生素 D 的 RNI。