ABSTRACT

Odor emission is one of the most common problems associated with dead animals composting. Biofiltration treatment for eliminating exhaust odors formed during dead pigs and manure composting has been studied. The composting and biofiltration process consisted of two series of tests. Composting experimental trials lasted 6 weeks, and composting was performed using six pilot-scale reactor vessels. A total of 37 kinds of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in the air were identified, and temporal variations were determined during the 42 days of composting. Dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), and trimethylamine (TMA) were identified as the main odors VOCs component according to odor active values (OAVs). Nine biofilter vessels containing mature compost were used in studying the effect of different (30, 60, and 100 s) empty bed retention times (EBRT) on the simultaneous removal efficiencies (REs) of NH₃, DMS, DMDS, DMTS, and TMA. Results indicated that the inlet concentration of NH₃ applied was 12–447 mg m⁻³, and the average removal efficiencies were 85.4%, 88.7%, and 89.0% for EBRTs of 30, 60, and 100 s, respectively. The average REs of DMS, DMDS, DMTS, and TMA were 79.2%–95.4%, 81.9%–94.0%, 76.7%–99.1%, and 92.9%–100%, respectively, and their maximum elimination capacity (ECs) were 220, 1301, 296, and 603 mg m⁻³ h⁻¹, respectively. The optimal EBRT for the stimulation removal of NH₃, DMS, DMDS, DMTS, and TMA was 60 s.

Implications: Dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), and trimethylamine (TMA) were identified as the main odors VOCs component during dead pigs and manure composting. Biofilter with mature as media can be used to stimulation remove NH₃, DMS, DMDS, DMTS, and TMA, the optimal empty bed retention times EBRT was 60 s.

摘要

气味排放是与死动物堆肥相关的最常见问题之一。已经研究了用于消除死猪和粪便堆肥过程中形成的排气气味的生物过滤处理。堆肥和生物过滤过程包括两个系列的测试。堆肥实验试验持续了 6 周，使用六个中试规模的反应堆容器进行堆肥。共鉴定出空气中存在的 37 种挥发性有机化合物 (VOC)，并在 42 天的堆肥过程中确定了时间变化。根据气味活性值（OAV），二甲基硫醚（DMS）、二甲基二硫醚（DMDS）、二甲基三硫醚（DMTS）和三甲胺（TMA）被确定为主要气味VOCs成分。九个含有成熟堆肥的生物过滤器容器用于研究不同（30,₃、DMS、DMDS、DMTS和TMA。结果表明，应用的 NH ₃入口浓度为 12–447 mg m ^-3，对于 30、60 和 100 秒的 EBRT，平均去除效率分别为 85.4%、88.7% 和 89.0%。DMS、DMDS、DMTS 和 TMA 的平均 REs 分别为 79.2%–95.4%、81.9%–94.0%、76.7%–99.1% 和 92.9%–100%，其最大消除能力 (ECs) 为 220 、1301、296 和 603 mg m ^-3 h ^-1分别。用于刺激去除 NH ₃、DMS、DMDS、DMTS 和 TMA的最佳 EBRT 为60 秒。

启示: 二甲基硫醚 (DMS)、二甲基二硫醚 (DMDS)、二甲基三硫醚 (DMTS) 和三甲胺 (TMA) 被确定为死猪和粪便堆肥过程中的主要气味 VOC 成分。以成熟为介质的生物过滤器可用于刺激去除NH ₃、DMS、DMDS、DMTS 和TMA，最佳空床保留时间EBRT 为60 s。