ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the role of theory of mind (ToM) and both cool and hot executive function (EF) in accounting for prosocial behavior. Typically developing children of 3 to 6 years of age (N = 183) were assessed on a battery of EF and ToM tasks, while parents and teachers completed a questionnaire examining the children’s prosocial behavior in everyday situations. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the EF constructs and then to examine within the same model the relation among EF (both cool and hot), ToM, and prosocial behavior (teacher form), while controlling for age. The results showed that cool EF task performance was directly related to prosocial behavior, whereas neither ToM nor hot EF task performance was related to prosocial behavior. Nevertheless, both ToM and hot EF task performance were related to cool EF task performance. Interestingly, hot EF task performances were not significantly related to each other or to ToM.

中文翻译：

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亲社会行为：心理理论和执行功能的作用

摘要 本研究旨在调查心理理论 (ToM) 和冷热执行功能 (EF) 在解释亲社会行为中的作用。通常在 3 至 6 岁的发育儿童（N = 183）中进行一系列 EF 和 ToM 任务的评估，同时父母和教师完成了一份调查问卷，检查儿童在日常情况下的亲社会行为。结构方程模型用于研究 EF 结构，然后在同一模型内检查 EF（冷热）、ToM 和亲社会行为（教师形式）之间的关系，同时控制年龄。结果表明，冷 EF 任务表现与亲社会行为直接相关，而 ToM 和热 EF 任务表现均与亲社会行为无关。尽管如此，ToM 和热 EF 任务性能都与冷 EF 任务性能相关。有趣的是，热 EF 任务表现彼此之间或与 ToM 没有显着相关性。