Electromagnetic fields (EMF) can generate reactive oxygen species and induce oxidative modifications. We investigated the effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on oxidative status of plasma and erythrocytes in β-thalassemia major patients and design artificial neural networks (ANN) for evaluating the oxyHb concentration. Blood samples were obtained from age and sex-matched healthy donors (n = 12) and major β-thalassemia patients (n = 12) and subjected to 0.5 and 1 mT and 50 Hz of EMF. Plasma oxidative status was estimated after 1 and 2 h exposure to ELE-EMF. Structural changes of plasma proteins were investigated by Native PAGE and SDS-PAGE. Moreover; multilayer perceptron (MLP) method was applied for designing a feed forward ANN model to predict the impact of these oxidative and antioxidative parameters on oxyHb concentration. Two hour exposure to ELF-EMF induced significant oxidative changes on major β-thalassemia samplesElectrophoretic profiles showed two high molecular weight (HMW) protein aggregates in plasma samples from healthy donors and major β-thalassemia patients. According to our ANN design, the main predictors of oxyHb concentration were optical density of Hb at 542, 340, 569, 630, 577, and 420 nm and metHb and hemichrome (HC) concentration. Accuracy of the proposed ANN model was shown by predicted by observed chart (y = 1.3 + 0.96x, R2 = 0.942), sum of squares errors (SSR), and relative errors (RE). Our results showed the detailed effects of ELF-EMF on Hb structure and oxidative balance of plasma in major β-thalassemia patients and significance of ANN analysis during normal and pathologic conditions.

中文翻译：

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体外暴露于极低频电磁场后β-地中海贫血主要血红蛋白的构象变化和血浆氧化状态：人工神经网络分析


电磁场 (EMF) 可以产生活性氧并诱导氧化修饰。我们研究了极低频电磁场 (ELF-EMF) 对重型 β 地中海贫血患者血浆和红细胞氧化状态的影响，并设计了用于评估 oxyHb 浓度的人工神经网络 (ANN)。血液样本取自年龄和性别匹配的健康献血者 (n = 12) 和主要 β 地中海贫血患者 (n = 12)，并接受 0.5 和 1 mT 和 50 Hz 的 EMF。暴露于 ELE-EMF 1 小时和 2 小时后评估血浆氧化状态。通过Native PAGE 和SDS-PAGE 研究血浆蛋白的结构变化。而且;应用多层感知器（MLP）方法设计前馈 ANN 模型来预测这些氧化和抗氧化参数对 oxyHb 浓度的影响。暴露于 ELF-EMF 两小时可导致主要 β-地中海贫血样本发生显着的氧化变化电泳图谱显示，来自健康供体和主要 β-地中海贫血患者的血浆样本中有两种高分子量 (HMW) 蛋白质聚集体。根据我们的 ANN 设计，oxyHb 浓度的主要预测因子是 542、340、569、630、577 和 420 nm 处的 Hb 光密度以及 metHb 和半色素 (HC) 浓度。所提出的 ANN 模型的准确性通过观察图表（y = 1.3 + 0.96x，R2 = 0.942）、平方和误差（SSR）和相对误差（RE）的预测来显示。我们的结果显示了 ELF-EMF 对主要 β 地中海贫血患者血浆血红蛋白结构和氧化平衡的详细影响，以及正常和病理条件下 ANN 分析的意义。