ABSTRACT

The development of new technologies in public passenger transport in urban agglomerations has forced the institutions responsible for organising such transport to engage in unconventional initiatives in order to improve it and make more available, especially for elderly and disabled people. One of such initiatives consists in striving for putting into operation an increasing number of tram vehicles featuring low floors allowing people with various dysfunctions to move freely inside it and significantly facilitating entering and leaving the tram at stops. The design of such vehicles excludes the use of traditional chassis solutions since it is impossible to use wheelsets in which the wheels are connected by a rigid axle. Simulation analyses of such wheelsets come down to creating mathematical models featuring non-holonomic constraints in their description, whereas this prevents using classical equations of technical mechanics, such as Newton's equations in the construction of such models. The article describes the process of building a physical and mathematical model of an unconventional bogie with fully independent wheels with the use of Boltzmann-Hamel equations as well as exemplary results of simulation analyses of a model of such system. A design solution for this type of bogie will also be discussed.

摘要

城市群公共客运新技术的发展迫使负责组织此类交通的机构采取非常规举措，以改善公共交通并提供更多服务，特别是为老年人和残疾人提供服务。其中一项举措包括努力使越来越多的低地板有轨电车投入运营，让各种功能障碍的人在其中自由移动，并大大方便在车站进出有轨电车。这种车辆的设计排除了传统底盘解决方案的使用，因为不可能使用车轮通过刚性轴连接的轮对。此类轮对的模拟分析归结为创建在其描述中具有非完整约束的数学模型，而这阻止了在构建此类模型时使用经典的技术力学方程，例如牛顿方程。本文描述了使用 Boltzmann-Hamel 方程建立具有完全独立车轮的非常规转向架的物理和数学模型的过程，以及对此类系统模型的模拟分析的示例性结果。还将讨论这种转向架的设计解决方案。本文描述了使用 Boltzmann-Hamel 方程建立具有完全独立车轮的非常规转向架的物理和数学模型的过程，以及对此类系统模型的模拟分析的示例性结果。还将讨论这种转向架的设计解决方案。本文描述了使用 Boltzmann-Hamel 方程建立具有完全独立车轮的非常规转向架的物理和数学模型的过程，以及对此类系统模型的模拟分析的示例性结果。还将讨论这种转向架的设计解决方案。