ABSTRACT The impact of food on physical and mental co-complications of ulcerative colitis (UC) has not been clearly defined. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of a dietary modification program (DMP) on fatigue, mental health, quality of life, fasting blood glucose, and lipid profile of UC patients during the remission phase. To conduct this parallel, randomized controlled trial study, 80 UC patients were recruited and allocated randomly to an intervention or a control group. Participants were provided dietary guidelines in the form of an educational booklet and a dedicated diet that was recommended for use for 12 weeks. The DMP consisted of recommendations that participants eat often and little (4–6 times per day), consume foods at a balanced temperature, decrease consumption of spicy foods, decrease excess intake of fat, decrease simple carbohydrates and drink adequate fluids. Moreover, increase good-quality protein and eliminate dairy products in the presence of lactose intolerance. Furthermore, it included avoidance of margarine, limiting alcohol, caffeine, and commercially prepared foods such as fast foods, ready meals, and canned foods. Baseline and post-intervention measurements of primary and secondary outcomes were recorded for final analysis. Overall, 76 patients completed the study. The participants in the DMP group consumed higher amounts of protein, zinc, vitamin C, and D and lower amounts of dietary energy, carbohydrate, saturated fat, sodium, and lactose compared to the control group (all P values <.05). Recommendations to follow the DMP resulted in a significant improvement of fatigue and mental health (depression, anxiety, and stress) in the intervention group compared with usual recommendations and a significant increase in some aspects of quality of life, including bodily pain and general health (all P values <.05). No significant changes were found in fasting blood glucose and lipid profile (all P values >.05). The study suggests that there is likely to be a link between the provided dietary advice with physical and mental improvements. The effect of diet does not arise through the elimination or the addition of specific nutrients; rather, each food syndicate many nutrients that let for a synergistic or an antagonistic action when present in a certain composition.

中文翻译：

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综合饮食建议对缓解期溃疡性结肠炎患者身心健康的影响：一项平行随机对照临床试验

摘要 食物对溃疡性结肠炎 (UC) 身心并发症的影响尚未明确。目前的研究旨在评估饮食调整计划 (DMP) 对缓解期 UC 患者的疲劳、心理健康、生活质量、空腹血糖和血脂状况的影响。为了进行这项平行的随机对照试验研究，招募了 80 名 UC 患者并随机分配到干预组或对照组。以教育手册的形式向参与者提供了饮食指南和推荐使用 12 周的专用饮食。DMP 包括建议参与者经常少吃（每天 4-6 次）、在平衡温度下食用食物、减少辛辣食物的食用、减少过多的脂肪摄入、减少简单碳水化合物并喝足够的液体。此外，在存在乳糖不耐症的情况下，增加优质蛋白质并消除乳制品。此外，它还包括避免使用人造黄油、限制酒精、咖啡因和商业制备的食品，如快餐、即食食品和罐头食品。记录主要和次要结果的基线和干预后测量值用于最终分析。总共有 76 名患者完成了这项研究。与对照组相比，DMP 组的参与者消耗了更多的蛋白质、锌、维生素 C 和 D，而消耗的膳食能量、碳水化合物、饱和脂肪、钠和乳糖更少（所有 P 值 <.05）。遵循 DMP 的建议显着改善了疲劳和心理健康（抑郁、焦虑、和压力）与通常的建议相比，以及生活质量的某些方面显着提高，包括身体疼痛和一般健康（所有 P 值 <.05）。空腹血糖和血脂特征没有发现显着变化（所有 P 值 >.05）。该研究表明，提供的饮食建议与身心改善之间可能存在联系。饮食的效果不是通过消除或添加特定营养素而产生的；相反，每种食物都含有多种营养素，当存在于某种组合物中时，这些营养素会产生协同或拮抗作用。空腹血糖和血脂特征没有发现显着变化（所有 P 值 >.05）。该研究表明，提供的饮食建议与身心改善之间可能存在联系。饮食的效果不是通过消除或添加特定营养素而产生的；相反，每种食物都含有多种营养素，当存在于特定组合物中时，这些营养素会产生协同或拮抗作用。空腹血糖和血脂特征没有发现显着变化（所有 P 值 >.05）。该研究表明，提供的饮食建议与身心改善之间可能存在联系。饮食的效果不是通过消除或添加特定营养素而产生的；相反，每种食物都含有多种营养素，当存在于特定组合物中时，这些营养素会产生协同或拮抗作用。