Inflammation drives colorectal cancer (CRC) development and CRC risk is influenced by dietary factors, including dietary fibre. Hyperactive WNT signalling occurs in CRC and may regulate inflammation. This study investigated i) relationships between the inflammatory potential of diet, assessed using the Energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DIITM), and markers of WNT signalling, and ii) whether DII status modulated the response to supplementation with two types of dietary fibre. Seventy-five healthy participants were supplemented with resistant starch (RS) and/or polydextrose (PD) or placebo for 50 days. Rectal biopsies were collected pre and post-intervention and used to assess WNT pathway gene expression and crypt cell proliferation. E-DII scores were calculated from food frequency questionnaire data. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and faecal calprotectin concentrations were quantified. hsCRP concentration was significantly greater in participants with higher E-DII scores (least square means (LSM) 4.7 vs. 2.4mg/L, P=0.03). Baseline E-DII score correlated with FOSL1 (β= 0.503, P=0.003) and WNT11 (β=0.472, P=0.006) expression, after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, endoscopy procedure and smoking status. WNT11 expression was more than two-fold greater in individuals with higher E-DII scores (LSM 0.131 vs. 0.059, P=0.002). Baseline E-DII modulated the effects of PD supplementation on FOSL1 expression (P=0.04). More pro-inflammatory diets were associated with altered WNT signalling and appeared to modulate the effects of PD supplementation on expression of FOSL1. This is the first study to investigate relationships between the E-DII and molecular markers of WNT signalling in rectal tissue of healthy individuals.

中文翻译：

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饮食相关炎症调节直肠粘膜中的炎症和 WNT 信号传导，以及对补充膳食纤维的反应

炎症驱动结直肠癌 (CRC) 的发展，结直肠癌的风险受饮食因素的影响，包括膳食纤维。过度活跃的 WNT 信号发生在 CRC 中并可能调节炎症。本研究调查了 i) 饮食的炎症潜力之间的关系，使用能量调整饮食炎症指数 (E-DIITM) 和 WNT 信号传导标志物进行评估，以及 ii) DII 状态是否调节对两种饮食补充剂的反应纤维。75 名健康参与者补充了抗性淀粉 (RS) 和/或聚葡萄糖 (PD) 或安慰剂 50 天。在干预前后收集直肠活检，用于评估 WNT 通路基因表达和隐窝细胞增殖。E-DII 分数是根据食物频率问卷数据计算得出的。对高敏 C 反应蛋白 (hsCRP) 和粪便钙卫蛋白浓度进行了量化。具有较高 E-DII 评分的参与者的 hsCRP 浓度显着更高（最小二乘均值 (LSM) 4.7 对 2.4mg/L，P=0.03）。在调整年龄、性别、BMI、内窥镜检查程序和吸烟状况后，基线 E-DII 评分与 FOSL1（β=0.503，P=0.003）和 WNT11（β=0.472，P=0.006）表达相关。在 E-DII 评分较高的个体中，WNT11 的表达量高出两倍以上（LSM 0.131 对 0.059，P=0.002）。基线 E-DII 调节 PD 补充对 FOSL1 表达的影响（P=0.04）。更多的促炎饮食与改变的 WNT 信号有关，并且似乎可以调节 PD 补充剂对 FOSL1 表达的影响。