This paper tests whether the distinctive black burnished pottery from the early Korean state of Baekje (c.250–660 ce) was, as is commonly assumed, under the control of a centralized authority. We employ an integrated approach, combining typological, petrographic and elemental composition data, to reconstruct the organization of production for this prestige ware. Clear heterogeneity in both clay sources and technical styles indicates a decentralized production pattern. The Baekje polity may thus have emerged as a distributed network rather than a centralized entity, with local communities choosing to engage with the political centre and not be subservient to it.

中文翻译：

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一劳永逸吗？韩国百济初期，黑色抛光陶器的生产和国家形成

本文测试百济的韩国早期状态特色的黑色陶铮亮（无论是ç .250-660 CE）是，正如通常假设，一个集权的控制之下。我们采用综合方法，将类型学，岩石学和元素组成数据相结合，以重建该声望产品的生产组织。粘土来源和技术风格均明显存在异质性，表明生产模式分散。因此，百济政体可能已经成为一个分布式网络，而不是一个中央集权的实体，地方社区选择与政治中心互动，而不是屈从于政治中心。