Self‐sensing composites are now becoming extremely attractive for the applications in civil engineering structures in order to enhance the safety and service life. In the new generation carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and nanotubes (CNTs) have shown good electrical, mechanical, and thermal parameters which inspired in the development of innovative nanocomposites with great and multifunctional properties. Among the numerous advances in civil engineering, the introduction of such carbon fibers to cement based materials produces cementitious materials as a smart or self‐sensing. Such smart composites reveal a noticeable change in their electrical conductivity with applied stress/strain and this special characteristic makes them helpful for monitoring of structures. However, there are still issues with CNFs and CNTs dispersion in case of cementitious composites, which impede the effective transfer of nanomaterials properties into the composites. Present paper presents a critical review on the dispersion of CNFs and CNTs within cementitious matrices, mechanical and electrical properties for the health monitoring of civil engineering structures.

中文翻译：

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结构健康监测方法，纤维分散，自感混凝土的微观和宏观结构特性，感测和机械性能—综述

为了增强安全性和使用寿命，自感复合材料现在在土木工程结构中的应用正变得极为有吸引力。在新一代碳纳米纤维（CNF）和纳米管（CNT）中显示出良好的电气，机械和热学参数，这启发了具有强大功能多功能的创新纳米复合材料的开发。在土木工程的众多进步中，将这种碳纤维引入水泥基材料中可将胶结材料作为一种智能或自感应的材料。这种智能复合材料显示出随施加的应力/应变，其电导率发生了显着变化，这种特殊的特性使它们有助于监测结构。然而，在水泥基复合材料的情况下，CNF和CNT的分散仍然存在问题，这阻碍了纳米材料性能有效转移到复合材料中。本文对水泥基中CNF和CNT的分散性，机械和电学特性进行土木工程结构健康监测提出了重要的评论。