The aim of present study was to determine whether chickens’ (broilers Ross 308, n = 180, sex ratio 1:1) diet modification with different doses of grape or pomegranate seed oil will favourable change fatty acids and cholesterol content in selected giblets (liver and heart) or wastes (adipose tissue). It was also verify whether generated changes would make the giblets and wastes more valuable as dietary components or by-products for food industry. From 22 to 42 day of life, five diets were administered to chickens. Control grower diet (CON) contained 5% of soy oil, whereas in the experimental grower diets part of soy oil (1.5% or 2%) was replaced with specific amount of grape or pomegranate seed oil (GRAP 1.5; GRAP 2.0; POM 1.5; POM 2.0 respectively). Fatty acids and cholesterol content were determined with gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection. Pomegranate seed oil improved fatty acids profile more favourably than grape seed oil, which makes it a valuable additive in chickens’ feeding. Abdominal fat of pomegranate seed oil supplemented chickens appeared to be the richest sources of rumenic acid and n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which allows to suggest its use in manufacturing of meat products to obtain foodstuffs rich in those essential nutrients. In principal component analysis (PCA), two principal components: PC1 and PC2, which were enough to explain 29.91% of variance of initial variables, allowed to a good separation of chickens fed with both doses of pomegranate seed oil from animals from control and grape seed oil fed groups. Because poultry addresses all nutritional, institutional and consumer requirements, enrichment of giblets in rumenic acid by pomegranate seed oil incorporation into chickens’ diet may provide a valuable dietary source of bioactive fatty acids for consumers, especially of low-income countries.

中文翻译：

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用石榴籽油喂养鸡的内脏和腹部脂肪作为生物活性脂肪酸的来源

本研究的目的是确定鸡（肉鸡 Ross 308, n = 180, 性别比 1:1) 用不同剂量的葡萄或石榴籽油进行饮食调整将有利于改变选定内脏（肝脏和心脏）或废物（脂肪组织）中的脂肪酸和胆固醇含量。还验证了所产生的变化是否会使内脏和废物作为食品工业的膳食成分或副产品更有价值。从出生 22 天到 42 天，给鸡喂食五份日粮。对照种植者日粮 (CON) 含有 5% 的豆油，而在实验种植者日粮中，部分豆油（1.5% 或 2%）被特定量的葡萄或石榴籽油（GRAP 1.5；GRAP 2.0；POM 1.5）替代；分别为 POM 2.0）。脂肪酸和胆固醇含量用气相色谱法和火焰离子化检测器测定。石榴籽油比葡萄籽油更能改善脂肪酸组成，这使其成为鸡饲料中有价值的添加剂。添加了石榴籽油的鸡的腹部脂肪似乎是瘤胃酸和 n3 多不饱和脂肪酸的最丰富来源，这表明其可用于制造肉制品以获得富含这些必需营养素的食品。在主成分分析 (PCA) 中，两个主成分：PC1 和 PC2，足以解释初始变量 29.91% 的方差，可以很好地将喂食两种剂量石榴籽油的鸡与对照组和葡萄的动物分开种子油喂养组。因为家禽满足所有营养、制度和消费者的要求，