1. The blueberry maggot fly, Rhagoletis mendax Curran, is a pest of wild and highbush blueberries. In wild blueberries, most flies colonize fields from forest edges annually. Flies were associated with forest canopies adjacent to colonized fields.
2. Flies were captured up to 6 m high (limited by trap placement height) and may occur at greater tree heights. Fly abundance relative to tree species was highest in red oak.
3. Releases of marked flies from tree canopies showed that release height had no effect on distance into the field that flies dispersed. This is important because the main fly control tactic is the application of a 25‐ to 30‐m‐wide swath of insecticide along field perimeters.
4. In the laboratory, flies preferred leaves and leaf extracts of red oak compared to other leaf tree and shrub species, including blueberry. Electroantennographs demonstrated that the female antennae consistently responded to compounds extracted from red oak leaves. Mass spectra and gas chromatograph retention times of five antenna‐active compounds matched those of (i) trans‐β‐ocimene, (ii) linalool, (iii) 4,8‐dimethyl‐1,3,7‐nonatriene, (iv) indole, and (v) trans‐nerolidol.
5. We speculate flies recruit to trees before movement into blueberry fields primarily for food, as supported by their arrestment response to leaf extracts.

中文翻译：

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蓝莓害虫Rhagoletis mendax（双翅目：T科）对森林田间边缘的利用

1. 蓝莓蝇Rhagoletis mendax Curran是野生蓝莓和高灌木蓝莓的害虫。在野生蓝莓中，大多数果蝇每年都在森林边缘的殖民地上定居。苍蝇与殖民地附近的森林冠层相关。
2. 苍蝇被捕获到高达6 m高（受捕集器放置高度限制），并可能在更大的树高处发生。相对于树种，蝇类的丰度在红橡树中最高。
3. 从树冠上释放明显的果蝇表明，释放高度对果蝇到分散的田间的距离没有影响。这很重要，因为主要的防飞策略是在田间周边应用25至30米宽的杀虫剂。
4. 在实验室中，相比其他的叶树和灌木物种（包括蓝莓），果蝇更喜欢红橡树的叶子和叶提取物。人体电描记器表明，雌性触角始终对从红橡树叶中提取的化合物起反应。五个具有天线活性的化合物的质谱和气相色谱保留时间与（i）反-β-奥美精，（ii）芳樟醇，（iii）4,8-二甲基-1,3,7-壬三烯，（iv）的质谱和气相色谱保留时间相匹配吲哚和（v）反式奈洛多。
5. 我们推测，果蝇会在迁入蓝莓田之前主要是为了觅食而迁徙到树上，这是由于它们对叶提取物的捕获反应所致。